Substituted cyclohexyl chemical entities of Formula (I): ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.a, G, and R.sup.b have any of the values described herein, and compositions comprising such chemical entities; methods of making them; and their use in a wide range of methods, including metabolic and reaction kinetic studies; detection and imaging techniques; radioactive therapies; modulating and treating disorders mediated by nociceptin activity or dopamine signaling; treating neurological disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, depression, and schizophrenia; enhancing the efficiency of cognitive and motor training; and treating peripheral disorders, including renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, liver, genitourinary, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders.

Pd(II)-catalyzed g-G(sp3)-H arylation or heteroarylation of primary amines is realized by using 2-hydroxynicotinaldehyde as a catalytic transient directing group. Importantly, the catalyst and the directing group loading can be lowered to 2% and 4% respectively, thus demonstrating high efficiency of this newly designed transient directing group. Heterocyclic aryl iodides are also compatible with this reaction. Furthermore, swift synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyridine derivatives is accomplished using this reaction.

Pd(II)-catalyzed g-G(sp3)-H arylation or heteroarylation of primary amines is realized by using 2-hydroxynicotinaldehyde as a catalytic transient directing group. Importantly, the catalyst and the directing group loading can be lowered to 2% and 4% respectively, thus demonstrating high efficiency of this newly designed transient directing group. Heterocyclic aryl iodides are also compatible with this reaction. Furthermore, swift synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyridine derivatives is accomplished using this reaction.

This invention relates to methods for increasing lipid accumulation and lipid production in cells. Methods of producing biofuel from cells and preparing nutraceuticals comprising lipids produced according to a method provided herein are also provided.

This invention relates to methods for increasing lipid accumulation and lipid production in cells. Methods of producing biofuel from cells and preparing nutraceuticals comprising lipids produced according to a method provided herein are also provided.

Methods of synthesizing compounds using CO.sub.2 as a directing group for CH functionalization, and compounds made thereby, are described.

Methods of synthesizing compounds using CO.sub.2 as a directing group for CH functionalization, and compounds made thereby, are described.

A novel compound for a capping layer, and an organic light-emitting device containing the same are disclosed.

The present invention relates to novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and their use for treating, alleviating or preventing diseases or disorders relating to the activity of potassium channels.

The present invention relates to novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and their use for treating, alleviating or preventing diseases or disorders relating to the activity of potassium channels.