Antidegradant composition comprising a first compound of Formula I:

##STR00001##

and a second antidegradant that is not the compound of Formula I; and rubber composition comprising the antidegradant composition. The rubber composition has good resistance to appearance discoloration while maintaining the mechanical and anti-aging properties, thus, are suitable for making the entire tire or as part of the rubber matrix.

The present disclosure provides borate or aluminate activators comprising cations having branched alkyl groups, catalyst systems comprising, and methods for polymerizing olefins using such activators. Specifically, the present disclosure provides activator compounds represented by Formula: [R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3EH].sub.d.sup.+[M.sup.k+Q.sub.n].sup.d−, wherein: E is nitrogen or phosphorous; d is 1, 2 or 3; k is 1, 2, or 3; n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; n−k=d; each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently C.sub.1-C.sub.40 branched or linear alkyl or C.sub.5-C.sub.50-aryl, wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of halide, C.sub.5-C.sub.50 aryl, C.sub.6-C.sub.35 arylalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.35 alkylaryl and, in the case of the C.sub.5-C.sub.50-aryl, C.sub.1-C.sub.50 alkyl; wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 together comprise 15 or more carbon atoms; M is an element selected from group 13 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and each Q is independently a hydride, bridged or unbridged dialkylamido, halide, alkoxide, aryloxide, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, substituted halocarbyl, or halosubstituted-hydrocarbyl radical, provided that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is a branched alkyl.

The present disclosure provides borate activators comprising cations having linear alkyl groups, catalyst systems comprising, and processes for polymerizing olefins using such activators. Specifically, the present disclosure provides polymerization activator compounds which may be prepared in, and which are soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbon and alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents.

Compositions of oligoanilines with higher purity, methods of making and using thereof, are provided. The compositions are produced in large scale with larger yield using simple purification techniques such as washing. Methods have been developed that allow large scale synthesis of oligoaniline compounds with the following benefits: (i) higher purity; (ii) larger yield of oligoaniline compounds; (iii) simple purification that does not require complicated techniques such as liquid chromatograph; (iv) lower cost; and (v) full characterization. The highly pure oligoaniline compositions can be used as reducing or oxidizing agent in a redox reaction. The oligoaniline compositions have colors and can be used as dyes, i.e. redox active dyes in a redox reaction, as intermediates for the development of conductive elastomers, or as catalysts.

Provided is a novel mediator. The present invention relates to a novel mediator, and an electrode modifying agent and an electron transfer promoting agent comprising the mediator, an electrode, a battery, a composition, and an enzyme sensor comprising the electrode modifying agent or the electron transfer promoting agent, and a method using any of these.

Provided is a novel mediator. The present invention relates to a novel mediator, and an electrode modifying agent and an electron transfer promoting agent comprising the mediator, an electrode, a battery, a composition, and an enzyme sensor comprising the electrode modifying agent or the electron transfer promoting agent, and a method using any of these.

The present disclosure provides a quantum dot (QD) light emitting diode including: a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other; a QD emitting material layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a QD; a hole auxiliary layer positioned between the first electrode and the QD emitting material layer; and an electron transporting layer positioned between the QD emitting material layer and the second electrode and including an electron-property material and a hole-property material.

Antidegradant compound of Formula I: ##STR00001##
and antidegradant composition comprising the same and rubber composition comprising the antidegradant compound or composition. The rubber composition has good resistance to appearance discoloration while maintaining the mechanical and anti-aging properties, thus, are suitable for making the entire tire or as part of the rubber matrix.

Antidegradant compound of Formula I: ##STR00001##
and antidegradant composition comprising the same and rubber composition comprising the antidegradant compound or composition. The rubber composition has good resistance to appearance discoloration while maintaining the mechanical and anti-aging properties, thus, are suitable for making the entire tire or as part of the rubber matrix.

The present disclosure provides compositions and method targeting GPER for the treatment of cancers, such as breast cancers and leukemias, gallstone disease, and for conferring of neuroprotection on a subject. Also disclosed are high throughput assays for identifying antagonists of GPER.