Disclosed are amine-substituted naphthalene derivatives and organic light emitting diodes including the same. In the organic light emitting diodes, at least one of the amine-substituted naphthalene derivatives is employed in a hole auxiliary layer interposed between a hole transport layer and a light emitting layer to enable efficient hole transport to the light emitting layer, achieving high luminous efficiency and long lifetime.

The present invention relates to compounds of the formulae (1) to (4), which are suitable for use in electronic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices, to intermediate compounds for the compounds or formulae (1) to (4) and to electronic devices, which comprise the compounds of formulae (1) to (4).

An object of the present invention is to provide a further more effective process for preparing a certain optically active compound including an optically active 1-acetyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline.

The present invention provides a process for an optically active compound represented by formula (3) (wherein R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom etc., R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc., R.sup.8 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, and R.sup.9, R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc. The carbon atom with a symbol of the asterisked “*” represents an asymmetric carbon atom),

which comprises a reacting a compound represented by formula (2) (wherein R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, and R.sup.11 has the same meanings as the above) with hydrogen in the presence of asymmetric cobalt complex.

##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to provide a further more effective process for preparing a certain optically active compound including an optically active 1-acetyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline.

The present invention provides a process for an optically active compound represented by formula (3) (wherein R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom etc., R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc., R.sup.8 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, and R.sup.9, R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc. The carbon atom with a symbol of the asterisked “*” represents an asymmetric carbon atom),

which comprises a reacting a compound represented by formula (2) (wherein R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, and R.sup.11 has the same meanings as the above) with hydrogen in the presence of asymmetric cobalt complex.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a novel process for converting the unwanted S enantiomer form to its useful raceme with respect to a 4-aminoindane derivative and to novel intermediates of said process.

The present invention relates to a novel process for converting the unwanted S enantiomer form to its useful raceme with respect to a 4-aminoindane derivative and to novel intermediates of said process.

The present invention relates to a novel process for converting the unwanted S enantiomer form to its useful raceme with respect to a 4-aminoindane derivative and to novel intermediates of said process.

Curatives and their resulting thermosets and other crosslinked polymers can reduce thermal expansion mismatch between an encapsulant and objects that are encapsulated. This can be accomplished by incorporating a negative CTE moiety into the thermoset resin or polymer backbone. The negative CTE moiety can be a thermal contractile unit that shrinks as a result of thermally induced conversion from a twist-boat to chair or cis/trans isomerization upon heating. Beyond CTE matching, other potential uses for these crosslinked polymers and thermosets include passive energy generation, energy absorption at high strain rates, mechanophores, actuators, and piezoelectric applications.

Curatives and their resulting thermosets and other crosslinked polymers can reduce thermal expansion mismatch between an encapsulant and objects that are encapsulated. This can be accomplished by incorporating a negative CTE moiety into the thermoset resin or polymer backbone. The negative CTE moiety can be a thermal contractile unit that shrinks as a result of thermally induced conversion from a twist-boat to chair or cis/trans isomerization upon heating. Beyond CTE matching, other potential uses for these crosslinked polymers and thermosets include passive energy generation, energy absorption at high strain rates, mechanophores, actuators, and piezoelectric applications.

The present invention relates to compounds of the formulae (1) to (4), which are suitable for use in electronic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices, to intermediate compounds for the compounds or formulae (1) to (4) and to electronic devices, which comprise the compounds of formulae (1) to (4).