The present invention provides a rigid cartridge for multiple and universal application of all machining processes. The rigid cartridge includes a cylindrical body, a guiding and locating body connected to bottom side of cylindrical body, and a combination screw having a left hand [LH] thread and a right hand [RH] thread, wherein the cylindrical body includes a flat for locking the cartridge with the cutter body using locking screws, wherein the combination screw is connected to the bottom end of said guiding and locating body. The LH thread can be provided in cartridge side and RH thread can be provided in cutter body side or vice versa. In the cutter body or boring bar, a slot and/or approach hole can be provided in the cutter body for enabling to rotate the combination screw in clockwise or anti-clockwise direction to move the cartridge in forward and backward direction with respect to the cutter body.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of tapentadol and analogs or compounds or stereoisomers of formula (I), Formula I wherein, A is aryl, heteroaryl, and cycloalkyl; R is H, OH, OR.sup.1, halogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein each of these groups may further be substituted with one or more substituent selected from H, OH, halogen, CN, NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or phenyl. Further, the multi-step process involves no column chromatography purification until the very last step. This makes this process highly commercially viable and industrially useful.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of tapentadol and analogs or compounds or stereoisomers of formula (I), Formula I wherein, A is aryl, heteroaryl, and cycloalkyl; R is H, OH, OR.sup.1, halogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein each of these groups may further be substituted with one or more substituent selected from H, OH, halogen, CN, NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or phenyl. Further, the multi-step process involves no column chromatography purification until the very last step. This makes this process highly commercially viable and industrially useful.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of (1R,2R)-3-(3-dimethylamino-1-ethyl-2-methyl-propyl)-phenol.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of (1R,2R)-3-(3-dimethylamino-1-ethyl-2-methyl-propyl)-phenol.

The present disclosure provides co-crystals of a lithium benzoate compound and a co-former compound of Formula (I) ##STR00001##
Also provided herein are methods of preparing the co-crystals and uses thereof in treating and/or reducing the risk for neuropsychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, psychotic disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar disorders, or neurogenerative disorders).

The present disclosure provides co-crystals of a lithium benzoate compound and a co-former compound of Formula (I) ##STR00001##
Also provided herein are methods of preparing the co-crystals and uses thereof in treating and/or reducing the risk for neuropsychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, psychotic disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar disorders, or neurogenerative disorders).

The present invention provides a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing levodopa-induced dyskinesia in a patient suffering from Parkinson's Disease, comprising the step of administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the invention. The present invention further provides a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing Parkinson's Disease in a patient, comprising the step of administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the invention.

The present invention provides a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing levodopa-induced dyskinesia in a patient suffering from Parkinson's Disease, comprising the step of administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the invention. The present invention further provides a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing Parkinson's Disease in a patient, comprising the step of administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the invention.

The present invention relates to compounds and their use in the prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and/or related conditions.