The present invention provides a developer for a photosensitive resist composition, comprising a compound represented by the general formula (1) ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 represent a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and X represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms and optionally having an ester group. There can be provided a developer that can prevent the occurrence of pattern collapse and connection between patterns, i.e. bridge defect after development and can provide a resist pattern with small edge roughness.

Compounds represented by formulae I, II, III, and IV including pro-drugs for treprostinil and prostacyclin analogs. Uses include treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The structures of the compounds can be adapted to the particular application for a suitable treatment dosage. Transdermal applications can be used.

Ionizable lipids and lipid nanoparticles comprising ionizable lipids are provided herein. Also provided are methods for making and using the lipid nanoparticles for delivery to a cell one or more payload agents, including polypeptides, mRNAs such as mRNA encoding Cas9 nuclease, and guide RNAs comprising backbone, sugar or base modifications.

The present disclosure describes compositions, preparations, nanoparticles (such as lipid nanoparticles), and/or nanomaterials and methods of their use.

The present disclosure describes compositions, preparations, nanoparticles (such as lipid nanoparticles), and/or nanomaterials and methods of their use.

Described herein are microneedle drug delivery systems comprising a pharmaceutical compositions comprising pharmaceutically active agents (e.g., cannabidiol and prodrugs of cannabidiol) and microneedle arrays suitable for local and systemic delivery of the active agent to a mammal. Also described herein are methods of using a microneedle transdermal or topical drug delivery systems comprising pharmaceutical compositions, comprising cannabidiol and prodrugs of cannabidiol, and microneedle arrays in the treatment disease, including pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.

Described herein are microneedle drug delivery systems comprising a pharmaceutical compositions comprising pharmaceutically active agents (e.g., cannabidiol and prodrugs of cannabidiol) and microneedle arrays suitable for local and systemic delivery of the active agent to a mammal. Also described herein are methods of using a microneedle transdermal or topical drug delivery systems comprising pharmaceutical compositions, comprising cannabidiol and prodrugs of cannabidiol, and microneedle arrays in the treatment disease, including pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.

Provided herein are lipid compounds, e.g., a compound of Formula (I). Also provided are lipid nanoparticles, each comprising a lipid compound of Formula (I).

##STR00001##

Provided herein are lipid compounds, e.g., a compound of Formula (I). Also provided are lipid nanoparticles, each comprising a lipid compound of Formula (I).

##STR00001##

A cationic lipid compound, a preparation method and a use thereof, and a delivery system for mRNA are provided. The cationic lipid compound has a structure represented by formula (I):

##STR00001##

In formula (I): X is O or N; n is 2-4; m is 2-4; a is 0 or 1; R.sub.1 is a chain structure comprising a tertiary amine; R.sub.2 is a linear fatty acyl group or a branched chain fatty acyl group; R.sub.3 is a branched chain fatty acyl group. The cationic lipid compound is used for preparing a delivery system for mRNA.