This invention relates to methods of making a compound of formula (I) and intermediates for same ##STR00001##
the compounds of formula (I) being useful for treating cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.

This invention relates to methods of making a compound of formula (I) and intermediates for same ##STR00001##
the compounds of formula (I) being useful for treating cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.

A method for preparing L-carnitine using a micro-reaction system. (R)-4-halo-3-hydroxybutyrate was subjected to quaternization and hydrolysis in an aqueous trimethylamine solution in the presence of an inorganic base in a micro-channel reactor to produce the L-carnitine.

A method for preparing L-carnitine using a micro-reaction system. (R)-4-halo-3-hydroxybutyrate was subjected to quaternization and hydrolysis in an aqueous trimethylamine solution in the presence of an inorganic base in a micro-channel reactor to produce the L-carnitine.

Provided is a method for preparing β-alanine, the method comprising: preparing a β-alanine product from a reactant containing fumaric acid and aqueous ammonia in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst contains a catalyst composition containing aspartase and L-aspartic acid-α-decarboxylase, and adding fumaric acid during the reaction, wherein the total moles of the fumaric acid added is equal to the initial moles of the aqueous ammonia in the reactant minus the initial moles of the fumaric acid in the reactant. Also provided are methods for preparing a β-alanine salt (in particular calcium β-alanine, sodium β-alanine, and potassium β-alanine) and a pantothenate (in particular calcium pantothenate, sodium pantothenate, and potassium pantothenate).

Provided is a method for preparing β-alanine, the method comprising: preparing a β-alanine product from a reactant containing fumaric acid and aqueous ammonia in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst contains a catalyst composition containing aspartase and L-aspartic acid-α-decarboxylase, and adding fumaric acid during the reaction, wherein the total moles of the fumaric acid added is equal to the initial moles of the aqueous ammonia in the reactant minus the initial moles of the fumaric acid in the reactant. Also provided are methods for preparing a β-alanine salt (in particular calcium β-alanine, sodium β-alanine, and potassium β-alanine) and a pantothenate (in particular calcium pantothenate, sodium pantothenate, and potassium pantothenate).

The present invention relates to derivatives of 10-methylene lipids, their preparation and their use.

The present invention relates to derivatives of 10-methylene lipids, their preparation and their use.

A compound of general formula (I) or (II), wherein R.sub.n and R.sub.m independently represent a C.sub.3-C.sub.27 aliphatic group, R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, which may be the same or different at each occurrence, represent hydrogen or a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl group, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2, which may be the same or different at each occurrence, represent a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 24 carbon atoms which can be optionally substituted and/or interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or heteroatom containing groups, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which may be the same or different at each occurrence, represent a group selected from —O.sup.−, -Alk-CH(OH)—CH.sub.2—SO.sub.3— and -Alk-CO.sub.2— wherein Alk represents an alkylene group. ##STR00001##

A compound of general formula (I) or (II), wherein R.sub.n and R.sub.m independently represent a C.sub.3-C.sub.27 aliphatic group, R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, which may be the same or different at each occurrence, represent hydrogen or a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl group, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2, which may be the same or different at each occurrence, represent a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 24 carbon atoms which can be optionally substituted and/or interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or heteroatom containing groups, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which may be the same or different at each occurrence, represent a group selected from —O.sup.−, -Alk-CH(OH)—CH.sub.2—SO.sub.3— and -Alk-CO.sub.2— wherein Alk represents an alkylene group. ##STR00001##