The present disclosure provides a compound of Formula (I); ##STR00001## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined herein. The disclosure also relates to a method for manufacturing the compounds of the disclosure, and its therapeutic uses. The present disclosure further provides pharmaceutical composition of the compounds of the disclosure and a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a compound of the disclosure.

The present disclosure provides a compound of Formula (I); ##STR00001## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined herein. The disclosure also relates to a method for manufacturing the compounds of the disclosure, and its therapeutic uses. The present disclosure further provides pharmaceutical composition of the compounds of the disclosure and a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a compound of the disclosure.

The invention relates to an overall enantio-specific synthesis of 4-chlorokynurenine compounds, in particular L-4-chlorokynurenine, with improved yields. Large-scale syntheses are disclosed. The invention also relates to novel intermediates in the synthesis of L-4-chlorokynurenine.

The invention relates to an overall enantio-specific synthesis of 4-chlorokynurenine compounds, in particular L-4-chlorokynurenine, with improved yields. Large-scale syntheses are disclosed. The invention also relates to novel intermediates in the synthesis of L-4-chlorokynurenine.

A link between ApoE4 allele and sirtuins expression level is identified that is believed to be associated with elevated risk for the promotion of processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by the non-amyloidogenic pathway in a mammal leading to elevated risk for Alzheimer's disease. Compounds are identified that upregulate sirtuins (e.g., SirT1) expression levels and appear to be useful in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of MCI and/or Alzheimer's disease.

One aspect of the invention provides a composition of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) or a high penetration prodrug (HPP) for treatment of Parkinson's disease. The HPCs/HPPs are capable of being converted to parent active drugs or drug metabolites after crossing the biological barrier and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or metabolites can. Additionally, the HPPs are capable of reaching areas that parent drugs may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. The HPCs/HPPs can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.

One aspect of the invention provides a composition of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) or a high penetration prodrug (HPP) for treatment of Parkinson's disease. The HPCs/HPPs are capable of being converted to parent active drugs or drug metabolites after crossing the biological barrier and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or metabolites can. Additionally, the HPPs are capable of reaching areas that parent drugs may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. The HPCs/HPPs can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.

The present invention relates to new dihydoxyphenyl modulators of neurotransmitter levels, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of use thereof.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to new dihydoxyphenyl modulators of neurotransmitter levels, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of use thereof.

##STR00001##

The present invention concerns deuterated catecholamine derivatives as well as pharmaceuticals containing these compounds. In addition, the invention concerns the use of deuterated catecholamine derivatives as well as physiologically acceptable salts thereof, and also pharmaceutical compositions, which contain these compounds, also in combination with enzyme inhibitors, for the treatment of dopamine deficiency diseases or diseases which are based on disrupted tyrosine transport or disrupted tyrosine decarboxylase, as well as other disorders.