The present invention provides a method for industrially producing: a pyrimidine compound having pest control efficacy; 2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylamine which is a production intermediate of the pyrimidine compound; a phenylethylamine compound useful as a pharmaceutical and agrochemical intermediate; and further a 3-arylpropionamide compound and a 3-arylpropionic acid ester compound useful as production intermediates of the phenylethylamine compound. The 3-arylpropionamide compound or the 3-arylpropionic acid ester compound can be efficiently and industrially produced in a single step by reacting a compound represented by formula (1) ##STR00001##
(wherein X represents a chlorine atom or a bromine atom; and Y represents an alkyl group optionally substituted with fluorine atom(s), a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, an alkylcarbonyl group, a dialkylamino group, or the like) with acrylamide or an acrylic acid ester in the presence of a metal catalyst and a reducing agent.

Provided herein are small molecules that specifically inhibit TNF-induced nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) inflammation pathway. Also provided are methods of screening compounds to identify molecules that specifically inhibit a TNF-induced NF-kB inflammation pathway, methods of inhibiting TNF-induced NF-kB inflammation pathway, and methods of preventing formation of mature TNFR1 complex.

Provided herein are small molecules that specifically inhibit TNF-induced nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) inflammation pathway. Also provided are methods of screening compounds to identify molecules that specifically inhibit a TNF-induced NF-kB inflammation pathway, methods of inhibiting TNF-induced NF-kB inflammation pathway, and methods of preventing formation of mature TNFR1 complex.

Provided herein are small molecules that specifically inhibit TNF-induced nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) inflammation pathway. Also provided are methods of screening compounds to identify molecules that specifically inhibit a TNF-induced NF-kB inflammation pathway, methods of inhibiting TNF-induced NF-kB inflammation pathway, and methods of preventing formation of mature TNFR1 complex.

Provided herein are small molecules that specifically inhibit TNF-induced nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) inflammation pathway. Also provided are methods of screening compounds to identify molecules that specifically inhibit a TNF-induced NF-kB inflammation pathway, methods of inhibiting TNF-induced NF-kB inflammation pathway, and methods of preventing formation of mature TNFR1 complex.

The present invention provides a method for industrially producing: a pyrimidine compound having pest control efficacy; 2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylamine which is a production intermediate of the pyrimidine compound; a phenylethylamine compound useful as a pharmaceutical and agrochemical intermediate; and further a 3-arylpropionamide compound and a 3-arylpropionic acid ester compound useful as production intermediates of the phenylethylamine compound. The 3-arylpropionamide compound or the 3-arylpropionic acid ester compound can be efficiently and industrially produced in a single step by reacting a compound represented by formula (1)

##STR00001##

(wherein X represents a chlorine atom or a bromine atom; and Y represents an alkyl group optionally substituted with fluorine atom(s), a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, an alkylcarbonyl group, a dialkylamino group, or the like) with acrylamide or an acrylic acid ester in the presence of a metal catalyst and a reducing agent.

Compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are disclosed that are useful for inhibition of the biological activity of HMGB1, as well as methods of treatment for diseases involving the inflammation activity or cytokine activity of HMGB1.

Compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are disclosed that are useful for inhibition of the biological activity of HMGB1, as well as methods of treatment for diseases involving the inflammation activity or cytokine activity of HMGB1.

The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of Gabapentin. The process also relates to a new process for the preparation of 1, 1-cyclohexane diaceitic acid monoamide (CDMA), which is a key intermediate for the preparation of Gabapentin.

The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of Gabapentin. The process also relates to a new process for the preparation of 1, 1-cyclohexane diaceitic acid monoamide (CDMA), which is a key intermediate for the preparation of Gabapentin.