The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, or prodrug thereof, wherein X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, X.sub.4, X.sub.5, W.sub.1, W.sub.2, W.sub.3, and W.sub.4 are as described. The present invention relates generally to inhibitors of histone deacetylase and to methods of making and using them. In one aspect, the invention relates to selective HDAC3 inhibitors useful for protecting β-cells and improving insulin resistance. The selective HDAC3 inhibitors are also useful for promoting cognitive function and enhancing learning and memory formation. Compounds of the invention are useful for treating, alleviating, and/or preventing various conditions, including for example, a metabolic disorder such as type 1 or type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemias, lipodystrophies, liver disease associated with metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome, or obesity; inflammatory disease; neurological disorder; a memory or cognitive function disorder/impairment; an extinction learning disorder; fungal disease or infection; viral disease or infection such as HIV; hematological disease; liver disease; lysosomal storage disease; or neoplastic disease in humans or animals. ##STR00001##

Disclosed are small molecule PLK inhibitors that can target the polo box domain (PBD). Inhibitors can have an atomic mass of about 1000 Da or less and a general structure of

##STR00001##

For instance, the inhibitors can include an alkyl benzamido benzoic acid core structure.

Disclosed are small molecule PLK inhibitors that can target the polo box domain (PBD). Inhibitors can have an atomic mass of about 1000 Da or less and a general structure of

##STR00001##

For instance, the inhibitors can include an alkyl benzamido benzoic acid core structure.

Disclosed are compounds of formula (I) which possess anthelminthic properties wherein the structural elements have the meaning as indicated in the description. Further disclosed are such compounds for the control, treatment and/or prevention of infections with helminths in animals and humans.

##STR00001##

Disclosed are compounds of formula (I) which possess anthelminthic properties wherein the structural elements have the meaning as indicated in the description. Further disclosed are such compounds for the control, treatment and/or prevention of infections with helminths in animals and humans.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a resin composition having a high sensitivity and serving to produce a cured film with a low water absorption rate. The resin composition includes: (a) an alkali-soluble resin and (b1) an amido-phenol compound containing a phenolic hydroxyl group in which a monovalent group as represented by the undermentioned general formula (1) is located at the ortho position and/or (b2) an aromatic amido acid compound containing a carboxy group in which a monovalent group as represented by the undermentioned general formula (2) is located at the ortho position: ##STR00001##
wherein in general formula (1), X is a monovalent organic group having an alkyl group that contains 2 to 20 carbon atoms and bonds directly to the carbonyl carbon in general formula (1) or a monovalent organic group that has —(YO).sub.n—; and in general formula (2), U is a monovalent organic group that has an alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms and bonding directly to the amide nitrogen in general formula (2) or a monovalent organic group that has —(YO).sub.n—; wherein Y is an alkylene group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 1 to 20.

The present invention provides a resin composition having a high sensitivity and serving to produce a cured film with a low water absorption rate. The resin composition includes: (a) an alkali-soluble resin and (b1) an amido-phenol compound containing a phenolic hydroxyl group in which a monovalent group as represented by the undermentioned general formula (1) is located at the ortho position and/or (b2) an aromatic amido acid compound containing a carboxy group in which a monovalent group as represented by the undermentioned general formula (2) is located at the ortho position: ##STR00001##
wherein in general formula (1), X is a monovalent organic group having an alkyl group that contains 2 to 20 carbon atoms and bonds directly to the carbonyl carbon in general formula (1) or a monovalent organic group that has —(YO).sub.n—; and in general formula (2), U is a monovalent organic group that has an alkyl group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms and bonding directly to the amide nitrogen in general formula (2) or a monovalent organic group that has —(YO).sub.n—; wherein Y is an alkylene group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 1 to 20.

Disclosed herein are compounds including pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, prodrugs, hydrates and tautomers thereof which modulate the interactions of CD-40-CD40L. The compounds are useful for treating, ameliorating or preventing an autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, or other immune-related disease in a patient in need of treatment.

Disclosed herein are compounds including pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, prodrugs, hydrates and tautomers thereof which modulate the interactions of CD-40-CD40L. The compounds are useful for treating, ameliorating or preventing an autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, or other immune-related disease in a patient in need of treatment.

Disclosed herein are compounds of formula (I) which are inhibitors of an IDO enzyme: (I). Also disclosed herein are uses of the compounds in the potential treatment or prevention of an IDO-associated disease or disorder. Also disclosed herein are compositions comprising these compounds. Further disclosed herein are uses of the compositions in the potential treatment or prevention of an IDO-associated disease or disorder. ##STR00001##