Provided herein are integrated methods and systems for the production of acrylamide and acrylonitrile compounds and other compounds from at least beta-lactones and/or beta-hydroxy amides.

Provided herein are integrated methods and systems for the production of acrylamide and acrylonitrile compounds and other compounds from at least beta-lactones and/or beta-hydroxy amides.

The present invention describes method of preparation of esters or amides of lactyl lactates of general formula I, where Z denotes to group of R—O or RR′—N and R represent alkyl, aryl or H from lactide and the lactide is in contact with a hydrocarbyl alcohol and a hydrolyzable halide in a non-chlorinated organic solvent, or an amine initiated by a hydrolysable halide or hydrogen halide solution or an ammonium hydrohalide, wherein the hydrocarbyl alcohol or amine is either aliphatic or aromatic and containing 1 to 1000 carbon atoms, preferably 1 up to 150 carbon atoms, and optionally one or more, preferably 1 to 5, —CH.sub.2— groups may be replaced by —O— groups.

Structure for annotation

##STR00001##

The present invention describes method of preparation of esters or amides of lactyl lactates of general formula I, where Z denotes to group of R—O or RR′—N and R represent alkyl, aryl or H from lactide and the lactide is in contact with a hydrocarbyl alcohol and a hydrolyzable halide in a non-chlorinated organic solvent, or an amine initiated by a hydrolysable halide or hydrogen halide solution or an ammonium hydrohalide, wherein the hydrocarbyl alcohol or amine is either aliphatic or aromatic and containing 1 to 1000 carbon atoms, preferably 1 up to 150 carbon atoms, and optionally one or more, preferably 1 to 5, —CH.sub.2— groups may be replaced by —O— groups.

Structure for annotation

##STR00001##

An acetylsalicylic acid derivative and an application thereof. The present disclosure relates to the field of chemical pharmaceuticals, and in particular, to a compound shown in formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

##STR00001##

The invention provides a novel hydrocarbon-containing carboxylic acid, hydrocarbon-containing sulfonic acid, hydrocarbon-containing sulfuric acid ester, or a salt thereof, and a surfactant. Each of them is a compound represented by the following formula (1):
CR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.4—CR.sup.3R.sup.5—X-A
wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are each H or a monovalent substituent; at least one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.3 is a group represented by the formula: —Y—R.sup.6; at least one of R.sup.2 or R.sup.5 is a group represented by the formula: —X-A or a group represented by the formula: —Y—R.sup.6; and As at the respective appearances are the same as or different from each other, and are each —COOM, —SO.sub.3M, or —OSO.sub.3M.

The invention provides a novel hydrocarbon-containing carboxylic acid, hydrocarbon-containing sulfonic acid, hydrocarbon-containing sulfuric acid ester, or a salt thereof, and a surfactant. Each of them is a compound represented by the following formula (1):
CR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.4—CR.sup.3R.sup.5—X-A
wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are each H or a monovalent substituent; at least one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.3 is a group represented by the formula: —Y—R.sup.6; at least one of R.sup.2 or R.sup.5 is a group represented by the formula: —X-A or a group represented by the formula: —Y—R.sup.6; and As at the respective appearances are the same as or different from each other, and are each —COOM, —SO.sub.3M, or —OSO.sub.3M.

A method is provided to conveniently separate racemic (3R,4S)-3-acetamido-4-allyl-N-(tert-butyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide and (3S,4R)-3-acetamido-4-allyl-N-(tert-butyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide using selective crystallization with chiral carboxylic acids.

A method is provided to conveniently separate racemic (3R,4S)-3-acetamido-4-allyl-N-(tert-butyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide and (3S,4R)-3-acetamido-4-allyl-N-(tert-butyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide using selective crystallization with chiral carboxylic acids.

In one embodiment, the present application discloses a surface binding compound of the Formula I or Formula II: ##STR00001##
wherein the variables EG, EG1, SP1, SP2, SP3, Ar and BG are as defined herein. In another embodiment, the application discloses a method for forming a coating on a surface of a substrate using the surface binding compound of the Formula I or Formula II.