An imaging system, such as a surgical microscope, laparoscope, or endoscope or integrated with these devices, includes an illuminator providing patterned white light and/or fluorescent stimulus light. The system receives and images light hyperspectrally, in embodiments using a hyperspectral imaging array, and/or using narrowband tunable filters for passing filtered received light to an imager. Embodiments may construct a 3-D surface model from stereo images, and will estimate optical properties of the target using images taken in patterned light or using other approximations obtained from white light exposures. Hyperspectral images taken under stimulus light are displayed as fluorescent images, and corrected for optical properties of tissue to provide quantitative maps of fluorophore concentration. Spectral information from hyperspectral images is processed to provide depth of fluorophore below the tissue surface. Quantitative images of fluorescence at depth are also prepared. The images are displayed to a surgeon for use in surgery.

A medical image processing apparatus includes: image signal acquiring circuitry configured to acquire: a first image signal generated by capturing light of a first wavelength band with an image sensor; and a second image signal generated by capturing light of a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band with the image sensor, the first image signal and the second image signal being not subjected to the demosaic processing, and the image sensor including a color filter in which filter groups having spectroscopic properties different from each other are arranged in a specific form; a first signal path including a demosaic processor configured to execute the demosaic processing to the first image signal; and a second signal path diverged from the first signal path on a path former part from the demosaic processor, in which the demosaic processing is not executed to the second image signal.

Pulsed hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging without input clock or data transmission clock is disclosed. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The system includes a plurality of bidirectional data pads and a controller in communication with the image sensor. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of: electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 513 nm to about 545 nm, from about 565 nm to about 585 nm, from about 900 nm to about 1000 nm, an excitation wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that causes a reagent to fluoresce, or a laser mapping pattern.

An optical probe assembly as a confocal endomicroscope includes an optical focusing stage that focuses an output beam onto a sample and a mirror scanning stage that is movable for scanning the output beam in both a lateral two dimensional plane and an axial direction, using a side-view configuration. The side-view configuration allows for output beam illumination and fluorescent imaging of the sample with greater imaging resolution and improved access to hard to reach tissue within a subject.

A tracer detection device includes an enclosed body, and a plurality of tracer sensors, a battery, a memory, and a transmitter, each disposed within the enclosed body. The plurality of tracer sensors is configured to detect measurement values at a surface and underneath the surface of a gastrointestinal tract. The battery is configured to power the plurality of tracer sensors. The memory is configured to receive measurement values detected by the plurality of tracer sensors. The transmitter is configured to transmit measurement values detected by the plurality of tracer sensors to an external device after the enclosed body has passed through the gastrointestinal tract. The enclosed body includes a steering feature that ensures the enclosed body is oriented in an intended direction. The plurality of tracer sensors triggers release of a drug. The plurality of tracer sensors estimate distances to gastrointestinal walls for normalizing signals.

To provide a light receiving element including: a photoelectric conversion unit (PD) that is provided in a semiconductor substrate and converts light into a charge; a first charge accumulation unit (MEM) to which the charge is transferred from the photoelectric conversion unit; a second charge accumulation unit (MEM) to which the charge is transferred from the photoelectric conversion unit, in which each of the first and second charge accumulation units includes a stack of an electrode, a first insulating layer, and a semiconductor layer.

Method and apparatus embodiments can generate a volume fluorescence image of a tooth. Method and apparatus embodiments can project structured light patterns onto a tooth and generate a contour (volume) image of the tooth surface from acquired corresponding structured light projection images; then acquire one or more fluorescence images of the tooth generated under blue-UV illumination. A composite image that shows fluorescence image content mapped to the generated contour image can be transmitted, stored, modified and/or displayed.

Offset illumination using multiple emitters in a fluorescence imaging system is described. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The emitter comprises a first emitter and a second emitter for emitting different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises a laser mapping pattern.

An image acquisition system includes: a first narrowband light source that emits first narrowband light for exciting a luminescent agent that exists in an observation target and emits light having a wavelength belonging to a visible light wavelength band; a second narrowband light source that emits second narrowband light in a wavelength band of ±30 nm of a peak light emission wavelength of the luminescent agent; a broadband light source that emits broadband light for illuminating the observation target; a first image sensor on which an image of light in a light emission wavelength band including a wavelength corresponding to light emitted from the luminescent agent is formed; and a second image sensor including one or more image sensors on which an image of light in a wavelength band other than the light emission wavelength band is formed.

The invention relates to a medical device for the observation of a partly fluorescent object such as tissue comprising at least one fluorophore. The fluorophore absorbs light in at least one spectral excitation waveband and emits fluorescent light in at least one spectral emission waveband. In order to be able to observe also non-fluorescent regions in the tissue without complicated filter arrangement, the medical device according to the invention comprises at least one filter system which comprises, in a filter plane, comprises a filter area and a transmission window. The filter area comprises a band pass filter having at least one passband comprising the at least one excitation waveband. The transmission window has a passband which is wider than the passband of the filter area and is cross-shaped. The at least one filter system is configured to simultaneously receive light through the filter area and the entire transmission window.