The invention relates to a TRPM8 modulator for achieving a cooling effect on the skin or a mucous membrane.

Allosteric hemoglobin (Hb) modifiers of hemoglobin which contain nitric oxide (NO) moieties allowing for the release of NO in vivo. The compounds retain the oxygen delivery capability of the allosteric hemoglobin modifier to bind Hb and enhance Hb's ability to deliver oxygen to cells and tissues, and also release NO from the NO moiety. Methods of delivering oxygen and/or NO to cells and tissues are also provided.

Allosteric hemoglobin (Hb) modifiers of hemoglobin which contain nitric oxide (NO) moieties allowing for the release of NO in vivo. The compounds retain the oxygen delivery capability of the allosteric hemoglobin modifier to bind Hb and enhance Hb's ability to deliver oxygen to cells and tissues, and also release NO from the NO moiety. Methods of delivering oxygen and/or NO to cells and tissues are also provided.

The compounds represented by Formula (I), which are peripheral alkyl and alkenyl chains extended benzene derivatives, are useful as dual autotaxin (ATX)/histone deacetylase (HD AC) inhibitors. These compounds may be included in a pharmaceutical composition along with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and be used in a therapeutically effective amount for prophylaxis or treatment of various diseases and disorders.

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The compounds represented by Formula (I), which are peripheral alkyl and alkenyl chains extended benzene derivatives, are useful as dual autotaxin (ATX)/histone deacetylase (HD AC) inhibitors. These compounds may be included in a pharmaceutical composition along with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and be used in a therapeutically effective amount for prophylaxis or treatment of various diseases and disorders.

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The invention relates to KDM4B inhibitors, compositions comprising an effective amount of KDM4B inhibitors and methods for treating inflammatory diseases and disorders.

The invention relates to KDM4B inhibitors, compositions comprising an effective amount of KDM4B inhibitors and methods for treating inflammatory diseases and disorders.

A compound represented by formula (2) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

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wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R.sup.2 represents a methoxy group or the like; R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R.sup.4 represents an optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl group or the like; m represents 0, 1, or 2; n represents 0, 1, 2, or 3; L.sup.1 represents —NH—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—NH—, or the like; L.sup.2 represents a single bond or the like; X represents optionally substituted phenyl or the like; Y represents optionally substituted phenyl or the like; and X and Y are bonded at a carbon atom on each ring.

Disclosed herein are dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (Des1) inhibitor compounds and compositions, which are useful in the treatment of diseases, such as metabolic, cardiovascular, fibrotic, autoimmune/chronic inflammatory diseases, cystic fibrosis, various cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, lipid storage disorders, and ischemia/reperfusion injury, where inhibition of Des1 is expected to be therapeutic to a patient. Methods of inhibition of Des1 activity in a human or animal subject are also provided.

Compounds that modulate the oxidoreductase enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and compositions containing the compounds, are described herein. The use of such compounds and compositions for the treatment and/or prevention of a diverse array of diseases, disorders and conditions, including cancer- and immune-related disorders, that are mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase is also provided.