A compound is shown in formula I and can be in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a stereoisomer, or a solvate, or a prodrug, or a metabolite. The compound takes effect rapidly and has a long-time local anesthetic effect following a single dose, with the sensory nerve blocking time being greater than the motor nerve blocking time, has both a long-acting local anesthetic effect and a selective local anesthetic effect, significantly reduces side effects of the compositions QX314 and QX314 and a quaternary ammonium salt compound with surfactant structural characteristics, and is safer. The compound of formula I of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be used for preparing drugs that have a long-time local anesthetic effect and a selective local anesthetic effect.

A nitrogen-containing derivative of substituted phenol hydroxyl acid ester is represented by formula (I). A salt of the compound of formula (I) has good water solubility, and in vivo, can rapidly and completely release substituted phenols having a pharmacological effect, which can improve the water solubility of substituted phenols, rapidly exert the pharmacological effects of substituted phenols in vivo, and has good safety. The method for preparing the above-mentioned compound is provided. This compound can also be used in the preparation of drugs that produce anaesthesia and/or sedative and hypnotic effects on humans and animals.

##STR00001##

A nitrogen-containing derivative of substituted phenol hydroxyl acid ester is represented by formula (I). A salt of the compound of formula (I) has good water solubility, and in vivo, can rapidly and completely release substituted phenols having a pharmacological effect, which can improve the water solubility of substituted phenols, rapidly exert the pharmacological effects of substituted phenols in vivo, and has good safety. The method for preparing the above-mentioned compound is provided. This compound can also be used in the preparation of drugs that produce anaesthesia and/or sedative and hypnotic effects on humans and animals.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a brivaracetam intermediate, a preparation method therefor, and a preparation method for brivaracetam. The steps of the method for preparing brivaracetam described in the present invention are short and the raw materials are cheap, moreover, the method is simple and highly effective without requiring isomer separation by means of column chromatography or asymmetric synthesis, being suitable for industrial large-scale production. In addition, disclosed by the present invention is a compound as shown in formula (II), which may be used for the synthesis of brivaracetam. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a brivaracetam intermediate, a preparation method therefor, and a preparation method for brivaracetam. The steps of the method for preparing brivaracetam described in the present invention are short and the raw materials are cheap, moreover, the method is simple and highly effective without requiring isomer separation by means of column chromatography or asymmetric synthesis, being suitable for industrial large-scale production. In addition, disclosed by the present invention is a compound as shown in formula (II), which may be used for the synthesis of brivaracetam. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a brivaracetam intermediate, a preparation method therefor, and a preparation method for brivaracetam. The steps of the method for preparing brivaracetam described in the present invention are short and the raw materials are cheap, moreover, the method is simple and highly effective without requiring isomer separation by means of column chromatography or asymmetric synthesis, being suitable for industrial large-scale production. In addition, disclosed by the present invention is a compound as shown in formula (II), which may be used for the synthesis of brivaracetam. ##STR00001##

The present invention is directed to carrier systems comprising ether-lipids conjugated to one or more bioactive ligands and exposed on the surface of the carrier system for use in targeted delivery and/or antigen display systems. Optionally one or more further bioactive agents may be encapsulated or embedded within or attached to or adsorbed onto the carrier system. The present invention is further directed to methods of their preparation and their uses in medical applications, such as targeted delivery of bioactive agents to specific tissues or cells and antigen display systems for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to said bioactive agents.

The present invention is directed to carrier systems comprising ether-lipids conjugated to one or more bioactive ligands and exposed on the surface of the carrier system for use in targeted delivery and/or antigen display systems. Optionally one or more further bioactive agents may be encapsulated or embedded within or attached to or adsorbed onto the carrier system. The present invention is further directed to methods of their preparation and their uses in medical applications, such as targeted delivery of bioactive agents to specific tissues or cells and antigen display systems for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to said bioactive agents.

The present invention relates to metformin amino acid compounds (SLNs), pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of using them for the treatment of hyperglycemia, diabetes, and Type 2 diabetes. The compounds can be synthesized using the processes disclosed herein.

Provided are processes for the preparation of (S)-tert-butyl 4,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoate, or a salt, solvate, hydrate, enantiomer, mixture of enantiomers, or isotopologue thereof. Also provided are solid forms of various intermediates and products obtained from the processes.