One aspect of the invention provides a composition of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) or a high penetration prodrug (HPP) for treatment of Parkinson's disease. The HPCs/HPPs are capable of being converted to parent active drugs or drug metabolites after crossing the biological barrier and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or metabolites can. Additionally, the HPPs are capable of reaching areas that parent drugs may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. The HPCs/HPPs can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.

The present application provides malonamide compounds, and derivatives thereof (e.g., N-aryl malonamides (NAM), acetamides, oxalamides, and the like), that are useful, for example, for the treatment of acute, chronic/persistent, and/or relapsing infections. Pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treating diseases (e.g., bacterial infections), and methods of reducing bacterial virulence are also provided.

The field of new compounds and synthesis methods thereof are related, and particularly to a structure of a steric hindrance adjustable weak base light stabilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the innovative light stabilizer, a steric hindrance thereof is adjusted by establishing substituent generating the steric hindrance around nitrogen atoms; moreover, an electronegativity of the nitrogen atom can be influenced by adjusting a distance of a polar group, so that an alkalinity or a nucleophilicity of the nitrogen atom is adjusted. A desired effect is obtained by adjusting a steric hindrance and a nucleophilic property or an alkalinity where the nitrogen atom is located, so that an application range of the innovative light stabilizer is widened, and the innovative light stabilizer is suitable for PC, polyester, PVC and other slightly acidic or certain electrophilic polymer materials to serve as a light stability protecting aid.

The field of new compounds and synthesis methods thereof are related, and particularly to a structure of a steric hindrance adjustable weak base light stabilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the innovative light stabilizer, a steric hindrance thereof is adjusted by establishing substituent generating the steric hindrance around nitrogen atoms; moreover, an electronegativity of the nitrogen atom can be influenced by adjusting a distance of a polar group, so that an alkalinity or a nucleophilicity of the nitrogen atom is adjusted. A desired effect is obtained by adjusting a steric hindrance and a nucleophilic property or an alkalinity where the nitrogen atom is located, so that an application range of the innovative light stabilizer is widened, and the innovative light stabilizer is suitable for PC, polyester, PVC and other slightly acidic or certain electrophilic polymer materials to serve as a light stability protecting aid.

The invention relates to process for the preparation of midodrine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention also relates to process for the preparation of intermediates of midodrine.

The invention relates to process for the preparation of midodrine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention also relates to process for the preparation of intermediates of midodrine.

A compound including a structure of Formula (I) and a preparation method thereof,

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wherein R.sub.1 is —OH, —CH.sub.2OH, or —OCOCH.sub.3; R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently —H, —CH.sub.3 or —F, and at least one of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 is —F. A method for treating a subject suffering from a viral disease includes administering an effective amount of said compound or a solvate thereof to the subject.

This invention relates to an anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant as substantially represented by the formula (I), production and use thereof in tertiary oil recovery. The anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant of this invention exhibits significantly improved interfacial activity and stability as compared with the prior art. With the present anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant, a flooding fluid composition for tertiary oil recovery with improved oil displacement efficiency and oil washing capability as compared with the prior art could be produced. ##STR00001## In the formula (I), each group is as defined in the specification.

This invention relates to an anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant as substantially represented by the formula (I), production and use thereof in tertiary oil recovery. The anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant of this invention exhibits significantly improved interfacial activity and stability as compared with the prior art. With the present anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant, a flooding fluid composition for tertiary oil recovery with improved oil displacement efficiency and oil washing capability as compared with the prior art could be produced. ##STR00001## In the formula (I), each group is as defined in the specification.

There are provided isotope-enriched compounds containing stable heavy isotope-enriched amide functional groups for modulating the pharmacokinetic profile, metabolic profile, and/or delivery efficiency of a drug or prodrug, as well as its therapeutic or prophylactic efficacy and/or adverse effects. Use of the isotope-enriched amide-containing drugs and prodrugs for the treatment or prevention of disease states and conditions is also provided.

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