One or more triggers, fluorescence or auto-fluorescence triggers, NIRAF triggers, methods of using triggers, fiber optic rotary joints (FORJ), free space beam combiners, OCT, SEE and/or fluorescence devices and systems for use therewith, methods of using and/or manufacturing same and storage mediums are provided. One or more embodiments using one or more triggers achieve structural compactness and/or high-speed acquisition while avoiding or reducing the need for high computational power. One or more embodiments use one or more triggers, one or more fluorescence triggers, one or more auto-fluorescence triggers, or NIRAF triggers, and/or one or more rotary joints, for performing pullback and/or image recording. Examples of optical applications that may involve the use of a trigger, fluorescence/auto-fluorescence trigger or NIRAF trigger, and/or a fiber optic rotary joint, include imaging, evaluating and characterizing/identifying biological objects or tissue, such as, but not limited to, for gastro-intestinal, otolaryngologic, cardio and/or ophthalmic applications.

An optical transmission module includes a light emitting device for transmitting a first optical signal, a light receiving device for receiving a second optical signal, an optical fiber for guiding a third optical signal in which the first optical signal and the second optical signal are coupled, and an optical waveguide substrate having an optical waveguide made of first resin, wherein a groove formed on the optical waveguide substrate is provided with a prism having the optical fiber and a reflective face through which the first optical signal transmit, a first side face of the prism contacts a first wall face of the groove, and a second side face thereof contacts a second wall face of the groove.

An optical transmission module includes a light emitting device for transmitting a first optical signal, a light receiving device for receiving a second optical signal, an optical fiber for guiding a third optical signal in which the first optical signal and the second optical signal are coupled, and an optical waveguide substrate having an optical waveguide made of first resin, wherein a groove formed on the optical waveguide substrate is provided with a prism having the optical fiber and a reflective face through which the first optical signal transmit, a first side face of the prism contacts a first wall face of the groove, and a second side face thereof contacts a second wall face of the groove.

An information processing device configured to: acquire a polar coordinate image, which is a medical image expressed in polar coordinates and obtained by imaging a biological lumen with a device configured to be inserted into the biological lumen, the polar coordinate image having a first axis representing an angle and a second axis intersecting the first axis and representing a distance from the device; input the polar coordinate image for a predetermined angle exceeding 360 degrees to a model trained, when the polar coordinate image is input, to output first segment data in which an image region corresponding to a specific object and another image region are classified, and output the first segment data for the predetermined angle; extract the first segment data for 360 degrees from the first segment data for the predetermined angle; and transform the extracted first segment data to second segment data expressed in rectangular coordinates.

The image processing apparatus acquires a plurality of types of candidate images based on an endoscope image, performs control of displaying, on a display, a display image based on at least one type of candidate image, performs a first analysis process on one or the plurality of types of candidate images set in advance, selects at least one type of candidate image from the plurality of types of candidate images as an optimum image based on a first analysis process result obtained through the first analysis process, and obtains a second analysis process result by performing a second analysis process on the optimum image.

A medical observation system includes: a light source configured to emit, to body tissue, at least one of first narrow band light and second narrow band light; an imaging element that includes: a pixel portion including plural pixels arranged in a two-dimensional matrix; and a color filter including red filters, green filters, and blue filters that are provided on light receiving surfaces of the plural pixels, each of the light receiving surfaces including any one filter of the red, green, and blue filters on each of the light receiving surfaces; and a cut filter that is provided on a light receiving surface side of at least the pixels provided with the green filters, the cut filter being configured to shield light of a shorter wavelength band including the wavelength band of the second narrow band light, and transmit therethrough the first narrow band light.

A training data generating system includes a processor. The processor acquires a plurality of medical images. The processor associates medical images with each other which are included in the plurality of medical images based on similarities of an imaging target to generate an associated image group including medical images associated with each other. The processor outputs, to a display, an application target image to be an image as an application target of representative training information based on the associated image group. The processor accepts input of representative contour information indicative of a contour of a specific region in the application target image as the representative training information. The processor applies contour information, as training information, to each medical image included in the associated image group based on the representative training information input to the application target image.

A medical image processing device includes a processor configured to: obtain image data; generate, based on the obtained image data, a captured image including color component signals including a red component signal representing a red component, a green component signal representing a green component, and a blue component signal representing a blue component; calculate an intensity ratio between a fluorescent component signal and a reflected light component signal in a pixel of the captured image; determine, based on the calculated intensity ratio in the pixel of the captured image, a fluorescence region and a background region in the captured image; and generate a fluorescence image by performing, based on a result of the determination, image processing with parameters different from each other for color component signals in pixels positioned in the fluorescence region and color component signals in pixels positioned in the background region.

A processing system includes a processor with hardware. The processor is configured to perform processing of acquiring a detection target image captured by an endoscope apparatus, controlling the endoscope apparatus based on control information, detecting a region of interest included in the detection target image based on the detection target image for calculating estimated probability information representing a probability of the detected region of interest, identifying the control information for improving the estimated probability information related to the region of interest within the detection target image based on the detection target image, and controlling the endoscope apparatus based on the identified control information.

Disclosed is an endoscopic device comprising an insertion tube, a distal tip, and at least one camera located at an initial location on or in the distal tip or the insertion tube. The endoscopic device is characterized in that it comprises a mechanical arrangement that is activated from the proximal end of the endoscopic device and is configured to do at least one of the following: (a) to move the at least one camera from the initial location to one or more different locations on, in or spaced away from the distal tip or the insertion tube; and (b) to change the direction of view of the at least one camera. Also disclosed are methods of performing endoscopic procedures using embodiments of the endoscopic device.