An electrolyte including an additive of compound of formula I,

##STR00001## wherein n is an integer ranging from 0 to 10; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyleneoxy group; Ai selected from CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; A.sub.2 is selected from CH—R.sub.3, N—R.sub.3, S, O, B—R.sub.3 or SiH—R.sub.3; A.sub.3 selected from CH.sub.2, CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group; Xi is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, ═R.sup.c═, or ═R.sup.c—, wherein R.sup.c is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylidene group.

The present disclosure relates to a process for stabilizing an antimony ammoxidation catalyst in an ammoxidation process. The process may comprise providing an antimony ammoxidation catalyst to a reactor; reacting propylene with ammonia and oxygen in the fluidized bed reactor in the presence of the antimony ammoxidation catalyst to form a crude acrylonitrile product; and adding an effective amount of an antimony-containing compound to the antimony ammoxidation catalyst to maintain catalyst conversion and selectivity; wherein the antimony-containing compound has a melting point less than 375° C. The present disclosure also relates to catalyst compositions and additional processes using the antimony ammoxidation catalyst stabilized by an antimony-containing compound.

The present disclosure relates to a process for stabilizing an antimony ammoxidation catalyst in an ammoxidation process. The process may comprise providing an antimony ammoxidation catalyst to a reactor; reacting propylene with ammonia and oxygen in the fluidized bed reactor in the presence of the antimony ammoxidation catalyst to form a crude acrylonitrile product; and adding an effective amount of an antimony-containing compound to the antimony ammoxidation catalyst to maintain catalyst conversion and selectivity; wherein the antimony-containing compound has a melting point less than 375° C. The present disclosure also relates to catalyst compositions and additional processes using the antimony ammoxidation catalyst stabilized by an antimony-containing compound.

The present invention relates to certain substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives of Formula (Ia) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which exhibit useful pharmacological properties, for example, as agonists of the S1P1 receptor.

##STR00001##

Also provided by the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the invention, and methods of using the compounds and compositions of the invention in the treatment of S1P1 receptor-associated disorders, for example, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, transplant rejection, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, type I diabetes, acne, microbial infections or diseases and viral infections or diseases.

The present invention relates to certain substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives of Formula (Ia) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which exhibit useful pharmacological properties, for example, as agonists of the S1P1 receptor.

##STR00001##

Also provided by the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the invention, and methods of using the compounds and compositions of the invention in the treatment of S1P1 receptor-associated disorders, for example, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, transplant rejection, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, type I diabetes, acne, microbial infections or diseases and viral infections or diseases.

In a process for the synthesis of a nitrile by endothermic catalyzed reaction of ammonia with a hydrocarbon using heating obtained by passing an alternating current through a metallic coil, the endothermic reaction between ammonia and the hydrocarbon takes place in a reactor with direct inductive heating in the reaction zone. The heating is extremely fast, which makes the reaction practically instantaneous.

In a process for the synthesis of a nitrile by endothermic catalyzed reaction of ammonia with a hydrocarbon using heating obtained by passing an alternating current through a metallic coil, the endothermic reaction between ammonia and the hydrocarbon takes place in a reactor with direct inductive heating in the reaction zone. The heating is extremely fast, which makes the reaction practically instantaneous.

In a process for the synthesis of a nitrile by endothermic catalyzed reaction of ammonia with a hydrocarbon using heating obtained by passing an alternating current through a metallic coil, the endothermic reaction between ammonia and the hydrocarbon takes place in a reactor with direct inductive heating in the reaction zone. The heating is extremely fast, which makes the reaction practically instantaneous.

An electrolyte including an additive of compound of formula I, ##STR00001## wherein n is an integer ranging from 0 to 10; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyleneoxy group; A.sub.1 selected from CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; A.sub.2 is selected from CH—R.sub.3, N—R.sub.3, S, O, B—R.sub.3 or SiH—R.sub.3; A.sub.3 selected from CH.sub.2, CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group; X.sub.1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, ═R.sup.c═, or ═R.sup.c—, wherein R.sup.c is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylidene group.

An electrolyte including an additive of compound of formula I, ##STR00001## wherein n is an integer ranging from 0 to 10; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyleneoxy group; A.sub.1 selected from CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; A.sub.2 is selected from CH—R.sub.3, N—R.sub.3, S, O, B—R.sub.3 or SiH—R.sub.3; A.sub.3 selected from CH.sub.2, CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group; X.sub.1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, ═R.sup.c═, or ═R.sup.c—, wherein R.sup.c is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylidene group.