An endoscope includes: a distal-end constituting portion provided at a distal end of an insertion portion of the endoscope: an observation window having a field of view direction that intersects a longitudinal axis of the insertion portion: a first flat surface on which the observation window is arranged, the first flat surface constituting a part of a surface of the distal-end constituting portion and having a first intersection angle with respect to the longitudinal axis: a second flat surface constituting a part of the surface of the distal-end constituting portion, the second flat surface being provided on a distal end side or a proximal end side with respect to the first flat surface, and having a second intersection angle with respect to the longitudinal axis, the second intersection angle being smaller than the first intersection angle; and a supply unit arranged on the second flat surface.

An endoscope includes an insert part. The endoscope has an imaging unit provided in the insert part, a light guide having a light guide exit surface from which illumination light is emitted provided in the insert part and an end cover provided at the distal end of the insert part. The end cover has a cut-through portion in which the imaging unit is inserted and fixed. The end cover has a first surface on its object side, a second surface on its operator side, and a side surface on its outer circumference. The first surface includes a first flat surface and a curved surface. The curved surface is located between the first flat surface and the side surface. The second surface has an illumination area on which the illumination light is incident. At least a portion of the illumination area is formed as a partial torus surface. First specific cross sections are defined as cross sections containing the center axis of the end cover and intersecting the light guide exit surface. The endoscope satisfies the following conditional expression (1) in at least one first specific cross section:

[00001]$0\le \text{hA}/\text{r}\le 0.5$

A captured image including a specific region formed by auxiliary measurement light is acquired, a marker direction candidate position is detected on the basis of region-of-interest edge information extracted from the captured image and specified distance position information, a candidate distance from the position of the specific region to the marker direction candidate position is calculated, and a length measurement image in which a display marker, which passes through a part of an extension line passing through the marker direction candidate position, which forms a candidate distance equal to or larger than a specified distance from the position of the specific region, is superimposed on the captured image with the position of the specific region as a base point, is created and displayed.

Embodiments of a sizing device that can be used to measure the size of airways lumens, such as those connected to lungs. The sizing device can have different expandable elements in order to accurately and consistently measure the particular dimensions of a lumen. In some embodiments, markings viewable by a user can be used to determine the particular size.

An endoscopic camera system having a camera with a shaft coupled to a handpiece; and a sheath with hollow tube coupled to a body. The tube has: a proximal portion coupled to the body; a bend at a distal end of the proximal portion; and a distal portion distal to the bend. The sheath is configured to deflect the shaft and the sheath is rotatable around the shaft to change a direction of the deflection.

An endoscope according to the present invention includes an insertion section, a forward observation window and a forward illumination system disposed at a distal end surface of the insertion section, a lateral observation window and a lateral illumination system disposed toward a proximal end, and an image capturing element captures an image of light. The forward illumination system includes a scattering element surrounding the forward observation window, and light guide fibers that cause illumination light from a light source to enter, toward a distal end, input locations arranged in a circumferential direction at a proximal end of the scattering element. The scattering element is constituted by dispersing particles in a homogenous medium, and satisfies the conditional expressions 0.06≤μs≤100 and 0.7≤g<1, where μs indicates a scattering coefficient (1/mm) of the scattering element and g indicates an anisotropy parameter of the particles.

An image scanning, displaying and lighting system for eliminating color differences is revealed. The system includes an image scanner, a display screen with a second emission spectrum and a lighting device with a third emission spectrum. The image scanner consists of an optoelectronic image capturing and forming system, a plurality of first light sources disposed around the optoelectronic image capturing and forming system and a control module. The first light sources have a first emission spectrum which is a white light composed of a plurality of wavebands with different peak wavelengths. The control module controls the optoelectronic image capturing and forming system to take monochrome images in different colors in time sequence. The second emission spectrum has the same characteristics as the first emission spectrum while the third emission spectrum has the same characteristics as the second emission spectrum.

Disclosed is a novel vascular optical fiber guidewire. The vascular optical fiber guidewire includes a metal axial wire and an optical fiber surrounding the metal axial wire. The optical fiber includes a core wire and a cladding layer covering the core wire. For above vascular optical fiber guidewire, in a part of the optical guidewire that is required to transmit light, a bending radius of the optical fiber around the metal axial wire is greater than a critical bending radius, and in a region of the optical fiber guidewire that is required to scatter light, the bending radius of the optical fiber around the metal axial wire is less than the critical bending radius. The present disclosure is capable of entering a blood vessel by a percutaneous puncture technique, guiding the optical fiber guidewire through a medical imaging device in a blood vessel, and performing side-illumination on the head.

Described herein is a video laryngoscope designed for easy and safe operation comprising an apparatus body, a laryngoscope camera arm unit, and an associated laryngoscope blade releasably attached to the laryngoscope camera arm unit. The laryngoscope camera arm unit is angularly adjustable by use of a rotary linkage member connected to a distal end of the apparatus body. A communication unit is connected to a linkage device at a proximal end of the apparatus body. A light source and a video camera are located on the laryngoscope camera arm unit. The laryngoscope blade has at least two internal fluidic channels for delivering fluid to oral cavity regions of a patient and providing suction of bodily fluids from the patient.

An endoscope imager includes a system-in-package and a specularly reflective surface. The system-in-package includes (a) a camera module having an imaging lens with an optical axis and (b) an illumination unit. The system-in-package includes (a) a camera module having an imaging lens with an optical axis and (b) an illumination unit configured to emit illumination propagating in a direction away from the imaging lens, the direction having a component parallel to the optical axis. The specularly reflective surface faces the imaging lens and forming an oblique angle with the optical axis, to deflect the illumination toward a scene and deflect light from the scene toward the camera module.