Non-ionic photo-acid generating (PAG) compounds were prepared that contain an aryl ketone group having a perfluorinated substituent alpha to the ketone carbonyl. The non-polymeric PAGs release a sulfonic acid when exposed to high energy radiation such as deep UV or extreme UV light. The photo-generated sulfonic acid has a low diffusion rate in an exposed resist layer subjected to a post-exposure bake (PEB) at 100 C. to 150 C., resulting in formation of good line patterns after development. At higher temperatures, the PAGs can also undergo a thermal reaction to form a sulfonic acid. The perfluorinated substituent provides improved thermal stability and hydrolytic/nucleophilic stability.

Described are colour developers of formula (I)
Ar.sup.1NHCONHC.sub.6H.sub.4SO.sub.2OC.sub.6H.sub.4NHCONHAr.sup.2(I),
a heat-sensitive recording material comprising a carrier substrate and also a heat-sensitive, colour-forming layer containing at least one colour former and at least one phenol-free colour developer, wherein the at least one colour developer is the compound of formula (I), and a method for producing this heat-sensitive recording material.

Described are colour developers of formula (I)
Ar.sup.1NHCONHC.sub.6H.sub.4SO.sub.2OC.sub.6H.sub.4NHCONHAr.sup.2(I),
a heat-sensitive recording material comprising a carrier substrate and also a heat-sensitive, colour-forming layer containing at least one colour former and at least one phenol-free colour developer, wherein the at least one colour developer is the compound of formula (I), and a method for producing this heat-sensitive recording material.

Provided is an electrolyte additive, including a compound of formula (1), wherein R.sub.1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted five-membered heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted six-membered heterocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group; L is a sulfone group, a sulfate ester group, or a sulfonate ester group; and R.sub.2 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-18 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-18 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted conjugated five-membered carbocyclic group or heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted conjugated six-membered carbocyclic group or heterocyclic group, a di(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)amino group, a di(C.sub.6-12 aryl)amino group, a tri(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-6 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-6 alkynyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted ester group. The electrolyte additive, electrolyte, and lithium ion secondary battery comprising same of the present disclosure achieve better protection of electrodes, improve the cycle performance of the battery, and achieve lower post-cycle impedance.

R.sub.1-L-R.sub.2(1)

Provided is an electrolyte additive, including a compound of formula (1), wherein R.sub.1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted five-membered heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted six-membered heterocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group; L is a sulfone group, a sulfate ester group, or a sulfonate ester group; and R.sub.2 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-18 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-18 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted conjugated five-membered carbocyclic group or heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted conjugated six-membered carbocyclic group or heterocyclic group, a di(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)amino group, a di(C.sub.6-12 aryl)amino group, a tri(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-6 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-6 alkynyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted ester group. The electrolyte additive, electrolyte, and lithium ion secondary battery comprising same of the present disclosure achieve better protection of electrodes, improve the cycle performance of the battery, and achieve lower post-cycle impedance.

R.sub.1-L-R.sub.2(1)