An illumination optical system for endoscope includes a rod lens as an optical element. The optical element includes a proximal end surface through which light enters and a distal end surface configured to emit the light. The distal end surface includes a diffusion region configured to diffuse emitted light. The diffusion region includes a plurality of concave portions and a plurality of peripheral regions surrounding the concave portions. Each concave portion includes a plurality of inclined surfaces as total reflection surfaces that are inclined with respect to the distal end surface. Each peripheral region includes a transmission surface configured to emit light totally reflected by the total reflection surfaces after passing through the proximal end surface and light not totally reflected by the total reflection surfaces.

Anti-fogging system for an endoscope including an endoscope having an outer housing, an imaging arrangement, and a distal window. A filter lens is located at the distal window, with the filter lens allowing a first portion of electromagnetic light to pass therethrough while absorbing a second portion of electromagnetic light in order to heat the filter lens.

An imaging system, such as a surgical microscope, laparoscope, or endoscope or integrated with these devices, includes an illuminator providing patterned white light and/or fluorescent stimulus light. The system receives and images light hyperspectrally, in embodiments using a hyperspectral imaging array, and/or using narrowband tunable filters for passing filtered received light to an imager. Embodiments may construct a 3-D surface model from stereo images, and will estimate optical properties of the target using images taken in patterned light or using other approximations obtained from white light exposures. Hyperspectral images taken under stimulus light are displayed as fluorescent images, and corrected for optical properties of tissue to provide quantitative maps of fluorophore concentration. Spectral information from hyperspectral images is processed to provide depth of fluorophore below the tissue surface. Quantitative images of fluorescence at depth are also prepared. The images are displayed to a surgeon for use in surgery.

Pulsed hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging without input clock or data transmission clock is disclosed. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The system includes a plurality of bidirectional data pads and a controller in communication with the image sensor. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of: electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 513 nm to about 545 nm, from about 565 nm to about 585 nm, from about 900 nm to about 1000 nm, an excitation wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that causes a reagent to fluoresce, or a laser mapping pattern.

A method of quantifying progression of pregnancy, includes a) illuminating a uterine cervix with polarized light having a wavelength comprised between 600 and 1100 nm; b) acquiring a plurality of images of the illuminated uterine cervix through a polarization state analyser in respective analysing states; steps a) and b) being performed either once or a plurality of time using polarized light having different polarization states; c) from the acquired images, computing a depolarization parameter over a region of interest of the uterine cervix; and d) quantifying the progression of the pregnancy from said depolarization parameter. An apparatus, based on a colposcope fitted with a controllable polarization state generator, a controllable polarization state analyser and a suitably-programmed computer, for carrying out such a method. A computer program for carrying out such a method.

An image-capturing device includes: an illumination light source configured to emit illumination light to illuminate an object; a laser light source configured to emit laser light with a peak wavelength in a range of wavelengths absorbed or reflected by at least one region of the object; an imaging device configured to take an image of the object; a speckle variable device configured to change a speckle pattern in an image acquired by the imaging device over time; and an image processing device configured to process the image acquired by the imaging device, which includes: measuring a change over time in a intensity signal from each pixel constituting the image, and dividing an imaged region of the object into a plurality of portions based on a waveform of the change in the intensity signal over time.

The invention relates to a medical device for the observation of a partly fluorescent object such as tissue comprising at least one fluorophore. The fluorophore absorbs light in at least one spectral excitation waveband and emits fluorescent light in at least one spectral emission waveband. In order to be able to observe also non-fluorescent regions in the tissue without complicated filter arrangement, the medical device according to the invention comprises at least one filter system which comprises, in a filter plane, comprises a filter area and a transmission window. The filter area comprises a band pass filter having at least one passband comprising the at least one excitation waveband. The transmission window has a passband which is wider than the passband of the filter area and is cross-shaped. The at least one filter system is configured to simultaneously receive light through the filter area and the entire transmission window.

An image processing apparatus includes an inference part which is capable of inference by using a first inference model for finding of a specific target object and by using a second inference model for discrimination about the specific target object and a control unit to which a first picked-up image obtained under a first image pickup condition and a second picked-up image obtained under a second image pickup condition different from the first image pickup condition can be inputted and which performs control such that in a case where the first picked-up image is inputted, the inference part is caused to execute inference by using the first inference model, and in a case where the second picked-up image is inputted, the inference part is caused to execute inference by using the second inference model.

An endoscope system includes: a light source that is configured to emit primary light; plural illuminators that are configured to be irradiated with the primary light to emit plural respective illumination light generated based on the radiated primary light toward an observation object so that at least part of the plural illumination light overlap on the observation object; and an adjuster that is configured to desirably adjust a ratio of light quantities of the primary light that travels from the light source to the respective illuminators, so as to distribute the primary light to the respective illuminators.

An endoscope apparatus includes a color image pickup device, a light source device configured to simultaneously illuminate the subject with light in a first wavelength band having a spectral characteristic of a narrow band having a peak in a range from a wavelength of 585 nm to a wavelength of 615 nm and light in a second wavelength band having a spectral characteristic for making, among a red signal, a green signal, and a blue signal, a pixel value of the red signal smallest, and a processor configured to assign either one of the red signal generated by return light from the subject illuminated with the light in the first wavelength band and the green signal or the blue signal generated by return light from the subject illuminated with the light in the second wavelength band to each of output channels corresponding to the respective colors in a display device.