Sweetness receptor antagonists represented by formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each symbol is described herein, are useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity and the like.

Sweetness receptor antagonists represented by formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each symbol is described herein, are useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity and the like.

The present invention provides a bifunctional catalyst of the formula (1): wherein: each R.sup.1 is independently selected from an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted heteroaryl group, an optionally substituted aralkyl group and an optionally substituted alkaryl group; Z represents a divalent organic linking moiety optionally containing one or more stereocenters; and EWG represents an electron-withdrawing group.
(R.sup.1).sub.3PNZNH-EWG(1)

The present invention provides a bifunctional catalyst of the formula (1): wherein: each R.sup.1 is independently selected from an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted heteroaryl group, an optionally substituted aralkyl group and an optionally substituted alkaryl group; Z represents a divalent organic linking moiety optionally containing one or more stereocenters; and EWG represents an electron-withdrawing group.
(R.sup.1).sub.3PNZNH-EWG(1)

Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating viral and bacterial infections, by administering certain thiourea compounds, specifically acylthiourea, carboximidoylthiourea and S-alkyl isothiourea derivatives and analogs, in therapeutically effective amounts are disclosed.

A compound, or a protonate or salt thereof, having a formula I of: wherein Y represents an optionally substituted aromatic group; n is 1 or 2; a is 0 to 4; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently H; optionally substituted alkyl; optionally substituted aralkyl; acyl; phosphonyl; S0.sub.2R.sup.12; C(0)R.sup.13; C(0)OR.sup.14; C(0)NR.sup.15R.sup.16; C(0)CH.sub.2R.sup.17; or C(S)NR.sup.18R.sup.19; S(0)R20; or S0.sub.2NR.sup.21R.sup.22, wherein R.sup.12-R.sup.22 are each independently H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted aryl, or C(0)R.sup.23, wherein R.sup.23 is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, or optionally substituted aryl; and each R.sup.3 is independently optionally substituted alkyl, halogen, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted carboxyl, amide; amino; or nitro.

Sweetness receptor antagonists represented by formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is described herein, are useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity and the like.

Sweetness receptor antagonists represented by formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is described herein, are useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity and the like.

Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating viral and bacterial infections, by administering certain thiourea compounds, specifically acylthiourea, carboximidoylthiourea and S-alkyl isothiourea derivatives and analogs, in therapeutically effective amounts are disclosed.

Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating viral and bacterial infections, by administering certain thiourea compounds, specifically acylthiourea, carboximidoylthiourea and S-alkyl isothiourea derivatives and analogs, in therapeutically effective amounts are disclosed.