Provided is a catalyst system for oxidative dehydrogenation, a reactor for oxidative dehydrogenation including the catalyst system, and a method of performing oxidative dehydrogenation using the reactor. In the catalyst system, a fixed-bed reactor is filled with a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation in an n-stage structure (n being an integer of 2 or more), wherein each stage of the n-stage structure satisfies Equations 1 and 2 as claimed so that the concentration of an active ingredient included in the catalyst gradually increases in the direction in which reactants are fed into the reactor. Heat generated inside the reactor may be effectively controlled during oxidative dehydrogenation, thereby improving conversion rate, selectivity, and yield. In addition, catalyst deterioration may be reduced, thereby improving long-term stability of the catalyst.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation and a method of preparing the same. More particularly, the present invention provides a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation allowing oxidative dehydrogenation reactivity to be secured while increasing a first pass yield, and a method of preparing the catalyst.

A process includes reacting a feed stream containing ethanol and optionally acetaldehyde in a dehydration reactor in the presence of a dehydration catalyst system having a Group 4 or Group 5 metal oxide and a support. The process includes obtaining a product stream containing butadiene from the dehydration reactor. Another process includes reacting a feed stream containing ethanol and optionally acetaldehyde in a dehydration reactor in the presence of a dehydration catalyst system containing a tungsten oxide supported on a zeolite or a tantalum oxide supported on a zeolite. The process includes obtaining a product stream containing butadiene from the dehydration reactor.

This invention is directed to novel mixed transition metal iron (II/III) catalysts for the extraction of oxygen from CO.sub.2 and the selective reaction with organic compounds.

A ferrite catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation and a method of preparing the same. The ferrite catalyst is prepared using an epoxide-based sol-gel method, wherein a step of burning includes a first burning step, in which burning is performed at a temperature of 70 to 200 C.; and a second burning step, in which burning is performed after the temperature is raised from a temperature in the range of greater than 200 C. to 250 C. to a temperature in the range of 600 to 900 C.

A process includes reacting a feed stream containing ethanol and optionally acetaldehyde in a dehydration reactor in the presence of a dehydration catalyst system having a Group 4 or Group 5 metal oxide and a support. The process includes obtaining a product stream containing butadiene from the dehydration reactor. Another process includes reacting a feed stream containing ethanol and optionally acetaldehyde in a dehydration reactor in the presence of a dehydration catalyst system containing a tungsten oxide supported on a zeolite or a tantalum oxide supported on a zeolite. The process includes obtaining a product stream containing butadiene from the dehydration reactor.

A layered-structure, multifunctional monolith catalyst is provided. The multifunctional monolith catalyst includes a monolithic substrate. A first layer is coated on a surface of the substrate. The first layer includes a first catalyst. A second layer is formed on top of the first layer. The second layer includes a second catalyst, and the second layer is porous. Layering of the first and second catalysts reduces degradation of one or both of the first and second catalysts, and increases a yield of the reaction catalyzed by the second catalyst. A method of converting carbon dioxide to dimethyl ether using the multifunctional monolith catalyst is also provided.

Methods of simultaneously converting butanes and methanol to olefins over Ti-containing zeolite catalysts are described. The exothermicity of the alcohols to olefins reaction is matched by endothermicity of dehydrogenation reaction of butane(s) to light olefins resulting in a thermo-neutral process. The Ti-containing zeolites provide excellent selectivity to light olefins as well as exceptionally high hydrothermal stability. The coupled reaction may advantageously be conducted in a staged reactor with methanol/DME conversion zones alternating with zones for butane(s) dehydrogenation. The resulting light olefins can then be reacted with iso-butane to produce high-octane alkylate. The net result is a highly efficient and low cost method for converting methanol and butanes to alkylate.

A process includes reacting a feed stream containing ethanol and optionally acetaldehyde in a dehydration reactor in the presence of a dehydration catalyst system having a Group 4 or Group 5 metal oxide and a support. The process includes obtaining a product stream containing butadiene from the dehydration reactor. Another process includes reacting a feed stream containing ethanol and optionally acetaldehyde in a dehydration reactor in the presence of a dehydration catalyst system containing a tungsten oxide supported on a zeolite or a tantalum oxide supported on a zeolite. The process includes obtaining a product stream containing butadiene from the dehydration reactor.

Methods for producing butadiene by the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene are provided. Methods for producing butadiene from a feed stream including oxygen and butene in a molar ratio of oxygen to butene (O.sub.2/C.sub.4H.sub.8) from about 0.9 to about 1.5 can include introducing the feed stream to a catalyst in the presence of steam. The molar ratio of steam to butene (H.sub.2O/C.sub.4H.sub.8) can be from about 10 to about 20. Methods can further include reacting the butene to generate a product stream therefrom comprising butadiene and water. Methods can further include separating water from the product stream to generate a butadiene stream including greater than about 85 wt-% butadiene.