A catalyst for the carbonylation of dimethyl ether to methyl acetate. The catalyst comprises a zeolite, such as a mordenite zeolite, at least one Group IB metal, such as copper, and/or at least one Group VIII metal, such as iron, and at least one Group IIB metal, such as zinc. Such a catalyst with combined metals provides enhanced catalytic activity, improved stability, and improved selectivity to methyl acetate, and does not require a halogen promoter, as compared to a metal-free or copper only zeolite.

The present disclosure provides methods and materials for oligomerization of lower olefins (e.g., C.sub.2-C.sub.8) to transportations fuels including diesel and/or jet fuel. The oligomerization employs, in certain embodiments, tungstated zirconium catalysts. Surprisingly, the oligomerizations proceed smoothly in high yields and exhibit little to no sensitivity to the presence of significant amounts of oxygenates (e.g., water, lower alcohols such as C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alcohols) in the feed stream. Accordingly, the present disclosure is uniquely suited to the production of fuels derived from bio-based alcohols, wherein olefins produced from such bio-based alcohols typically contain high levels of oxygenates.

Process for preparing a catalyst composition containing a modified crystalline aluminosilicate and a binder, wherein the catalyst composition comprises from 5 to 95% by weight of crystalline aluminosilicate as based on the total weight of the catalyst composition, the process being remarkable in that it comprises a step of steaming said crystalline aluminosilicate: at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 380° C.; under a gas phase atmosphere containing from 5 wt % to 100 wt % of steam; at a pressure ranging from 2 to 200 bars; at a partial pressure of H.sub.2O ranging from 2 to 200 bars; and said steaming being performed during at least 30 min and up to 144 h;
and in that the process also comprises a step of shaping, or of extruding, the crystalline aluminosilicate with a binder, wherein the binder is selected to comprise at least 85 wt % of silica as based on the total weight of the binder, and less than 1000 ppm by weight as based on the total weight of the binder of aluminium, gallium, boron, iron and/or chromium.

A method for isomeris ng dehydration in the presence of a specific catalyst, to produce at least one alkene, carried out on a feedstock containing a non-linear primary monoalcohol, where the catalyst includes a zeolite having a series of 8MR channels and a binder having certain pore volume, which catalyst is multilobe-shaped and has characteristics including certain average mesopore volume Vm, and mesopores having a certain diameter, an average certain macropore volume VM, the macropores having a certain diameter, and certain average micropore volume V, the micropores having a certain diameter, and the catalyst has a certain exposed geometric area.

A process for producing paraxylene by the catalytic alkylation of benzene and/or toluene with methanol, which produces a para-rich mixture of xylene isomers, together with water and some light organic by-products, particularly dimethyl ether and C.sub.4 olefins. The off-gas stream, containing the C.sub.4 olefins, may be recycled back to the reaction to be co-injected with methanol to reduce the methanol self-decomposition and the reaction of methanol to olefins or to fluidize catalyst particles recovered by a reactor cyclone. By using recycled off-gas rather than water or steam, the deleterious effects of water and/or steam on the catalyst aging and activity rates and the size of downstream equipment necessary to recover olefin by-products may be reduced.

A process for the preparation of olefin by alcohol dehydration, for making polymer, fuel or fuel additive and use of olefin obtainable by said process for making polymer, fuel or fuel additive. Preferred olefin is C.sub.5 olefin obtained from dehydration of an alcohol or alcohol mixture, preferably from fusel oil.

A process for preparing a hydrocarbon fluid includes a step of oligomerising an initial hydrocarbon composition which contains, in relation to the total weight of said initial hydrocarbon composition, at least 2% by weight of 3-methyl-but-1-ene, at least 5% by weight of 2-methyl-but-2-ene and at least 5% by weight of 2-methyl-but-1-ene.

Process for preparing a catalyst composition containing a modified crystalline aluminosilicate and a binder, wherein the catalyst composition comprises from 5 to 95% by weight of crystalline aluminosilicate as based on the total weight of the catalyst composition, the process being remarkable in that it comprises a step of steaming said crystalline aluminosilicate: at a temperature ranging from 100 C. to 380 C.; under a gas phase atmosphere containing from 5 wt % to 100 wt % of steam; at a pressure ranging from 2 to 200 bars; at a partial pressure of H.sub.2O ranging from 2 to 200 bars; and said steaming being performed during at least 30 min and up to 144 h;
and in that the process also comprises a step of shaping, or of extruding, the crystalline aluminosilicate with a binder, wherein the binder is selected to comprise at least 85 wt % of silica as based on the total weight of the binder, and less than 1000 ppm by weight as based on the total weight of the binder of aluminium, gallium, boron, iron and/or chromium.

The invention relates to a process for dehydration of a mono-alcohol, or of a mixture of at least two mono-alcohols, having at least 2 carbon atoms and at most 7 carbon atoms into olefins having the same number of carbons, wherein the process uses a catalyst composition that comprises a modified crystalline aluminosilicate has an acidity between 350 and 500 mol/g that comprises, and further wherein the catalyst composition is obtained by a process comprising the steps of providing a crystalline aluminosilicate having a Si/Al framework molar ratio greater than 10; and steaming said crystalline aluminosilicate, or said shaped and/or calcined crystalline aluminosilicate at a temperature ranging from 100 C. to 380 C.; and under a gas phase atmosphere, without liquid, containing from 5 wt % to 100 wt % of steam; at a pressure ranging from 2 to 200 bars; at a partial pressure of H.sub.2O from 2 bars to 200 bars; and said steaming being performed during at least 30 min and up to 144 h.

Processes are described for isomerizing one or more C.sub.4-C.sub.24 alpha olefins to produce an isomerization mixture comprising one or more C.sub.4-C.sub.24 internal olefins comprising contacting an olefinic feed comprising the one or more C.sub.4-C.sub.24 alpha olefins with a catalyst under isomerization conditions, wherein the catalyst comprises a microporous crystalline aluminosilicate selected from the group consisting of ZSM-5, ZSM-23, ZSM-35, ZSM-11, ZSM-12, ZSM-48, ZSM-57, and mixtures or combinations thereof, and wherein the microporous crystalline aluminosilicate has a SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 molar ratio of less than or equal to about 100. The resulting isomerization mixture typically exhibits a lower pour point and maintained biodegradability properties as compared to the olefinic feed, and is particularly useful in drilling fluid and paper sizing compositions.