The present disclosure generally relates to a process for hydroboration of an alkene or alkyne using ammonia borane (AB). In particular, the present invention relates to hydroboration of an alkene or alkyne in the presence of air or moisture, and a clean process for facile preparation of an alcohol by oxidizing the organoborane so formed with hydrogen peroxide. The products, including aminodialkylboranes, ammonia trialkylborane complexes, as well as various alcohols so prepared, are within the scope of this disclosure.

The present invention includes a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing HBV infection in an individual in need thereof, comprising administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the invention.

Described is a method of synthesizing 6-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0] octan-3-one by reacting 3-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl) cyclopentene with dichloroketene. The resulting reaction products are reacted with acetic acid and zinc to produce 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-one and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo [3.2.0]heptan-7-one, which are reacted with trimethylsulfonium iodide to produce 2-(5-ethoxyhept-1-spiro[bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-6,2-oxirane] and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro-[bicyclo-[3.2.0]heptane-6,2-oxirane]. Lithium iodide is reacted with 2-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro[bicyclo-[3.2.0]heptane-6,2-oxirane] and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro-[bicyclo-[3.2.0]heptane-6,2-oxirane] to produce 6-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one. A method of synthesizing 6-(5-methoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one is also described.

Disclosed is a cyclopropanation process comprising the step of reacting an alkene compound having at least one carbon-carbon double bond with at least one dihaloalkane. The reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particulate metal Zn, (ii) catalytically effective amount of particulate metal Cu or a salt thereof, (iii) at least one haloalkylsilane, and (iv) at least one solvent.

Disclosed is a cyclopropanation process comprising the step of reacting an alkene compound having at least one carbon-carbon double bond with at least one dihaloalkane. The reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particulate metal Zn, (ii) catalytically effective amount of particulate metal Cu or a salt thereof, (iii) at least one haloalkylsilane, and (iv) at least one solvent.

The present invention includes a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing HBV infection in an individual in need thereof, comprising administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the invention.

Described is a method of synthesizing 6-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0] octan-3-one by reacting 3-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl) cyclopentene with dichloroketene. The resulting reaction products are reacted with acetic acid and zinc to produce 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-one and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo [3.2.0]heptan-7-one, which are reacted with trimethylsulfonium iodide to produce 2-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro[bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-6,2-oxirane] and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro-[bicyclo-[3.2.0]heptane-6,2-oxirane]. Lithium iodide is reacted with 2-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro[bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-6,2-oxirane] and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro-[bicyclo-[ 3.2.0]heptane-6,2-oxirane] to produce 6-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one. A method of synthesizing 6-(5-methoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one is also described.

Disclosed is a cyclopropanation process comprising the step of reacting an alkene compound having at least one carbon-carbon double bond with at least one dihaloalkane. The reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particulate metal Zn, (ii) catalytically effective amount of particulate metal Cu or a salt thereof, (iii) at least one haloalkylsilane, and (iv) at least one solvent.

A process to isolate a compound of Formula (2a) or a salt or solvate thereof, comprising a) reacting a mixture of diastereoisomers of Formulae (2a, 2b) with a basic heterocyclic-aldehyde compound and an optically active amine in the presence of a base; and b) separating the compound of Formula (2a) from the product of step a) by acid extraction. The compound of Formula (2a) may be produced with an enantiomeric excess of 98%. Compounds of Formula (2a) are useful intermediates in a process to prepare a bicyclic -amino tetrazole derivative of Formula (I) which finds utility in treating neuropathic pain and disorders of the central nervous system.

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The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an isomer-enriched mixture of 3S- and 3R-caranone from 3-carane epoxide, a 3S-caranone obtained therefrom, a process for the production of 3S-caranlactam from 3-carene, a process for the production of 3R-caranlactam from 3-carene, a 3S-caranoxime, a 3S-caranlactam, a 3S-polycaranamide, a 3R-polycaranamide, a 3S/3R-co-polycaranamide, a 3S-caranlactam-laurolactam co-polycaranamide, a 3R-caranlactam-laurolactam co-polycaranamide, a 3S-caranlactam-3R-caranlactam-laurolactam co-polycaranamide, a 3S-caranlactam-caprolactam co-polycaranamide, a 3R-caranlactam-caprolactam co-polycaranamide, as well as a 3S/3R-caranlactam-caprolactam co-polycaranamide.