The present invention provides methods of using nitroxide spin-labeled amyloid beta-binding compounds to image amyloid. The present invention also provides nitroxide spin-labeled amyloid beta-binding compounds.

A method of synthesising a compound of formula (I): (I) from a compound of formula (II): (II) where R.sup.8 is either: (i) Prot.sup.O3; or (ii) a group of formula (A1) in formula (I) and (A2) in formula (II): (A1), (A2). ##STR00001##

A method of synthesising a compound of formula (I): (I) from a compound of formula (II): (II) where R.sup.8 is either: (i) Prot.sup.O3; or (ii) a group of formula (A1) in formula (I) and (A2) in formula (II): (A1), (A2). ##STR00001##

An object is to provide an azoline ring-containing compound which achieves characteristics required for an organic EL element, such as a driving voltage, a quantum efficiency, and element lifetime in a well-balanced manner, and particularly can obtain a high quantum efficiency, for example, in a case where the azoline ring-containing compound is used for the organic EL element. The above object is achieved by an azoline ring-containing compound represented by the following general formula (1). ##STR00001## In formula (1), φ represents an m-valent group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or the like, Y represents —O—, —S—, or >N—Ar, R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and L represents a phenylene group or the like.

An object is to provide an azoline ring-containing compound which achieves characteristics required for an organic EL element, such as a driving voltage, a quantum efficiency, and element lifetime in a well-balanced manner, and particularly can obtain a high quantum efficiency, for example, in a case where the azoline ring-containing compound is used for the organic EL element. The above object is achieved by an azoline ring-containing compound represented by the following general formula (1). ##STR00001## In formula (1), φ represents an m-valent group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or the like, Y represents —O—, —S—, or >N—Ar, R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and L represents a phenylene group or the like.

A compound represented by Formula (I) is provided:

##STR00001##

In Formula (I), R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 each independently represent an electron-withdrawing group; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a heterocyclic group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, a thiol group, a carboxy group, —SCF.sub.3, —SF.sub.5, —SF.sub.3, —SO.sub.3H, —SO.sub.2H, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a substituent; and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.6, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7, and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may be linked to each other to form a ring.

A compound represented by Formula (I) is provided:

##STR00001##

In Formula (I), R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 each independently represent an electron-withdrawing group; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a heterocyclic group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, a thiol group, a carboxy group, —SCF.sub.3, —SF.sub.5, —SF.sub.3, —SO.sub.3H, —SO.sub.2H, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a substituent; and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.6, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7, and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may be linked to each other to form a ring.

The invention relates to primary para-phenylenediamine compounds substituted with an aliphatic chain comprising a cationic heterocyclic group according to formula (I), as well as the organic or mineral acid or base addition salts thereof, optical isomers, geometric isomers, tautomers, mesomers and/or solvates thereof, such as hydrates. Formula (I), wherein: ALK is a linear or branched, optionally substituted, alkylene chain comprising 3 to 8 carbon atoms; HET.sup.+ is a saturated or unsaturated, aromatic or non-aromatic cationic heterocyclic group, optionally substituted, comprising 5 to 0 links, optionally substituted, and comprising one or more ammonium groups; and An.sup.−, present or absent, is a mineral or organic anionic counterion ensuring the electroneutrality of the molecule. The present invention also relates to a composition comprising one or more of these previously defined compounds, in a medium suitable for dyeing. The present invention lastly relates to a dyeing device consisting of a first compartment which contains said composition, and a second compartment containing one or more oxidising agents.

##STR00001##

Pharmaceutical compounds are disclosed which may be useful for treating asthma, ongoing lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, and/or emphysema. A pharmaceutical composition may include a therapeutically effective amount of the compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle therefor. The pharmaceutical composition may be administered for treating such disorders as asthma, ongoing lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, or emphysema.

Pharmaceutical compounds are disclosed which may be useful for treating asthma, ongoing lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, and/or emphysema. A pharmaceutical composition may include a therapeutically effective amount of the compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle therefor. The pharmaceutical composition may be administered for treating such disorders as asthma, ongoing lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, or emphysema.