A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode including zinc, a second electrode including manganese dioxide, and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode, second, electrode, and separator printed onto a substrate. The device may include a first current collector and/or a second current collector printed onto the substrate. The energy storage device may include a printed intermediate layer between the separator and the first electrode. The first electrode, and the second electrode may include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C.sub.2mimBF.sub.4). The first electrode and the second electrode may include an electrolyte having zinc tetrafluoroborate (ZnBF.sub.4) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C.sub.2mimBF.sub.4). The first electrode, the second electrode, the first current collector, and/or the second current collector can include carbon nanotubes. The separator may include solid microspheres.

A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode including zinc, a second electrode including manganese dioxide, and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode, second, electrode, and separator printed onto a substrate. The device may include a first current collector and/or a second current collector printed onto the substrate. The energy storage device may include a printed intermediate layer between the separator and the first electrode. The first electrode, and the second electrode may include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C.sub.2mimBF.sub.4). The first electrode and the second electrode may include an electrolyte having zinc tetrafluoroborate (ZnBF.sub.4) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C.sub.2mimBF.sub.4). The first electrode, the second electrode, the first current collector, and/or the second current collector can include carbon nanotubes. The separator may include solid microspheres.

Disclosed in the invention are a type of compounds having aldolase selective inhibitory activity, a method for the preparation thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and use of these compounds in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis, for reducing fatty acid synthesis, for preventing and/or treating obesity and type II diabetes, for preventing and/or treating tumor, for preventing and/or treating Parkinson's disease, for preventing and/or treating Alzheimer's disease or for prolonging the lifespan of mammals:

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to systems, methods, and processes for the production of conversion products such as furanic products from biomass such as lignocellulosic materials.

The present invention relates to systems, methods, and processes for the production of conversion products such as furanic products from biomass such as lignocellulosic materials.

The present invention encompasses a novel method for synthesizing highly pure salts of the general formula Q.sup.+A.sup.−, wherein the starting materials are reacted in the presence of water, and wherein Q.sup.+ is

##STR00001##

and wherein A.sup.− is

##STR00002##

The present invention encompasses a novel method for synthesizing highly pure salts of the general formula Q.sup.+A.sup.−, wherein the starting materials are reacted in the presence of water, and wherein Q.sup.+ is

##STR00001##

and wherein A.sup.− is

##STR00002##

The invention relates to a process for purifying an ionic liquid comprising dialkylimidazolium ions by means of stripping, wherein water vapour is used at a particular temperature. The process according to the invention is characterized in that the decomposition of the ionic liquid is minimized during the procedure of the process.

The invention relates to a process for purifying an ionic liquid comprising dialkylimidazolium ions by means of stripping, wherein water vapour is used at a particular temperature. The process according to the invention is characterized in that the decomposition of the ionic liquid is minimized during the procedure of the process.

Provided herein are Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, useful for the treatment of, for example, central nervous system and metabolic diseases and disorder.