A compound according to Formula IA and IB, reversibly convertible under photochromic and electrochromic conditions between a ring-open isomer A and a ring-closed isomer B is provided. For substitutent groups, Z is N, O or S; each R.sub.1 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, or halo; each R.sub.2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, a polymer backbone, alkyl or aryl; or, when both R.sub.2 together form CHCH and form part of a polymer backbone; each R.sub.3 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl or aryl; each R.sub.4 is aryl; and each R.sub.5 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl or aryl.

##STR00001##

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) compounds, and methods of using the same for treating bone fractures. treating osteoporosis and/or metabolic bone diseases. and inducing osteogenesis and/or chondrogenesis, are disclosed.

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) compounds, and methods of using the same for treating bone fractures. treating osteoporosis and/or metabolic bone diseases. and inducing osteogenesis and/or chondrogenesis, are disclosed.

The present invention pertains to field of pharmaceutical chemicals, and relates to thiazole inner salt compounds, preparation methods and uses thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to a compound of Formula I, hydrates or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compound of Formula I of the present invention is a potent cross-linking protein cleavage agent, has a stable structure, good physical and chemical properties, and good pharmacological activities, and is suitable for large scale production to obtain samples with stable, controllable and reliable quality, thereby being suitable for pharmaceutical development.

##STR00001##

The present invention pertains to field of pharmaceutical chemicals, and relates to thiazole inner salt compounds, preparation methods and uses thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to a compound of Formula I, hydrates or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compound of Formula I of the present invention is a potent cross-linking protein cleavage agent, has a stable structure, good physical and chemical properties, and good pharmacological activities, and is suitable for large scale production to obtain samples with stable, controllable and reliable quality, thereby being suitable for pharmaceutical development.

##STR00001##

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for treating ocular diseases, inter alia, diabetic macular edema, age-related macular degeneration (wet form), choroidal neovascularization, diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion (central or branch), ocular trauma, surgery induced edema, surgery induced neovascularization, cystoid macular edema, ocular ischemia, uveitis, and the like. These diseases or conditions are characterized by changes in the ocular vasculature whether progressive or non-progressive, whether a result of an acute disease or condition, or a chronic disease or condition.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for treating ocular diseases, inter alia, diabetic macular edema, age-related macular degeneration (wet form), choroidal neovascularization, diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion (central or branch), ocular trauma, surgery induced edema, surgery induced neovascularization, cystoid macular edema, ocular ischemia, uveitis, and the like. These diseases or conditions are characterized by changes in the ocular vasculature whether progressive or non-progressive, whether a result of an acute disease or condition, or a chronic disease or condition.

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) compounds, and methods of using the same for treating bone fractures, treating osteoporosis and/or metabolic bone diseases, and inducing osteogenesis and/or chondrogenesis, are disclosed.

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) compounds, and methods of using the same for treating bone fractures, treating osteoporosis and/or metabolic bone diseases, and inducing osteogenesis and/or chondrogenesis, are disclosed.

Cationically charged membranes obtainable from curing a composition comprising an aromatic heterocyclic compound, wherein the aromatic heterocyclic compound comprises: a) an aromatic heterocyclic ring: b) at least two polymerisable groups: and c) a cationically charged nitrogen atom. The membranes are mechanically strong, have a high charge density and maintain good permselectivity even after exposure to harsh conditions such as extremes of pH.