Systems and methods are provided for improving overall vision in patients suffering from a loss of vision in a portion of the retina (e.g., loss of central vision) by providing a piggyback lens which in combination with the cornea and an existing lens in the patient's eye redirects and/or focuses light incident on the eye at oblique angles onto a peripheral retinal location. The piggyback lens can include a redirection element (e.g., a prism, a diffractive element, or an optical component with a decentered GRIN profile) configured to direct incident light along a deflected optical axis and to focus an image at a location on the peripheral retina. Optical properties of the piggyback lens can be configured to improve or reduce peripheral errors at the location on the peripheral retina. One or more surfaces of the piggyback lens can be a toric surface, a higher order aspheric surface, an aspheric Zernike surface or a Biconic Zernike surface to reduce optical errors in an image produced at a peripheral retinal location by light incident at oblique angles.

A method for fitting OK lenses to a patient comprising the steps of: applying a corneal topography apparatus to a patient to capture baseline and post wear maps of a cornea of the patient in a computer to thereby derive a difference map; processing the difference map to fit Zernike polynomials thereto wherein weights of said fitted polynomials comprise features of a test feature vector for the difference map; applying the test feature vector to a classification machine trained to classify the difference map as one of a number of predetermined classes; and subsequently treating the patient taking into account the classification machine's classification.

A method for fitting OK lenses to a patient comprising the steps of: applying a corneal topography apparatus to a patient to capture baseline and post wear maps of a cornea of the patient in a computer to thereby derive a difference map; processing the difference map to fit Zernike polynomials thereto wherein weights of said fitted polynomials comprise features of a test feature vector for the difference map; applying the test feature vector to a classification machine trained to classify the difference map as one of a number of predetermined classes; and subsequently treating the patient taking into account the classification machine's classification.

Provided herein is a corneal topography system that utilizes a prism placed in optical alignment between the pattern image generator, such as a Placido disk, and the eye. The corneal topography system may be a prismatic triangulating corneal topography system that utilizes light rays of angle θ at the edge of the prism not passing through the prism, light rays that deviate from angle θ passing through the prism and light rays of angle a calculated from the reflection image to determine the corneal reflection point on the corneal surface. Also provided is a method for mapping a corneal surface of an eye of a subject utilizing an optical prism to produce a reflection image from a corneal surface reflection point on the corneal surface of the eye.

Provided herein is a corneal topography system that utilizes a prism placed in optical alignment between the pattern image generator, such as a Placido disk, and the eye. The corneal topography system may be a prismatic triangulating corneal topography system that utilizes light rays of angle θ at the edge of the prism not passing through the prism, light rays that deviate from angle θ passing through the prism and light rays of angle a calculated from the reflection image to determine the corneal reflection point on the corneal surface. Also provided is a method for mapping a corneal surface of an eye of a subject utilizing an optical prism to produce a reflection image from a corneal surface reflection point on the corneal surface of the eye.

An eye-gaze detecting device includes an image data acquisition unit configured to acquire image data of an eyeball of a test subject irradiated with detection light; a position detection unit configured to detect, from the image data, position data of pupil center of the eyeball and position data of corneal reflection center; a pupil diameter calculation unit configured to calculate a pupil diameter of the test subject from the image data; a curvature center calculation unit configured to calculate a corneal curvature radius corresponding to the pupil diameter, and obtain position data of corneal curvature center based on the position data of the corneal reflection center and the corneal curvature radius; and a point-of-gaze detection unit configured to calculate, based on the position data of the pupil center and corneal curvature center, position data of point of gaze of the test subject on a plane including a display unit.

An eye-gaze detecting device includes an image data acquisition unit configured to acquire image data of an eyeball of a test subject irradiated with detection light; a position detection unit configured to detect, from the image data, position data of pupil center of the eyeball and position data of corneal reflection center; a pupil diameter calculation unit configured to calculate a pupil diameter of the test subject from the image data; a curvature center calculation unit configured to calculate a corneal curvature radius corresponding to the pupil diameter, and obtain position data of corneal curvature center based on the position data of the corneal reflection center and the corneal curvature radius; and a point-of-gaze detection unit configured to calculate, based on the position data of the pupil center and corneal curvature center, position data of point of gaze of the test subject on a plane including a display unit.

Data representing structures in an eye, in particular data for a cross-sectional. image, is recorded by generating a plurality of A-scans using swept-source OCT at different locations in the eye, each of which generates a plurality of reflection values for a plurality of points along a light trace. Combined values are then calculated from several reflection values at different locations in the eye. For improving data quality, a model of at one curved structure in the eye is fitted to the reflection values, and it is then used for identifying the points on the A-scans that are to be combined. This allows to project the data along a tangential direction of the curved structures for reducing noise and for obtaining improved resolution in the direction perpendicular to the structure.

Disclosed are an electronic device and a method for determining a degree of conjunctival hyperemia using the same. The electronic device includes a camera and a processor configured to acquire an image including an eye captured by the camera, identify one or more blood vessels included in the image, and determine a degree of conjunctival hyperemia based on sizes of the identified one or more blood vessels.

Disclosed are an electronic device and a method for determining a degree of conjunctival hyperemia using the same. The electronic device includes a camera and a processor configured to acquire an image including an eye captured by the camera, identify one or more blood vessels included in the image, and determine a degree of conjunctival hyperemia based on sizes of the identified one or more blood vessels.