The present invention relates to providing a novel glyceric acid ester which can be produced in a high yield and is expected to be applied as a synthetic intermediate, and a method of producing the same. In addition, the present invention relates to providing a novel glyceric acid ester which exhibits a high recovery in a water-washing step after the reaction and a small work load at the time of production, and is expected to be applied as a synthetic intermediate, and a method of producing the same. The present invention provides a method of producing a compound represented by the following formula (II), including a step of oxidatively esterifying a compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein, in the formulae (I) and (II), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are bonded to each other to form a divalent hydrocarbon group for constituting a ring structure, provided that the case where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a methyl group at the same time is excluded.

The present invention relates to providing a novel glyceric acid ester which can be produced in a high yield and is expected to be applied as a synthetic intermediate, and a method of producing the same. In addition, the present invention relates to providing a novel glyceric acid ester which exhibits a high recovery in a water-washing step after the reaction and a small work load at the time of production, and is expected to be applied as a synthetic intermediate, and a method of producing the same. The present invention provides a method of producing a compound represented by the following formula (II), including a step of oxidatively esterifying a compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein, in the formulae (I) and (II), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are bonded to each other to form a divalent hydrocarbon group for constituting a ring structure, provided that the case where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a methyl group at the same time is excluded.

An additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte solution that can suppress the initial gas generation amount when used in a non-aqueous electrolyte solution battery. The additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte solution is represented by any one of formulae [1] to [4]:

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and Y are as defined in the specification.

The present invention relates to providing a novel glyceric acid ester which can be produced in a high yield and is expected to be applied as a synthetic intermediate, and a method of producing the same. In addition, the present invention relates to providing a novel glyceric acid ester which exhibits a high recovery in a water-washing step after the reaction and a small work load at the time of production, and is expected to be applied as a synthetic intermediate, and a method of producing the same. The present invention provides a method of producing a compound represented by the following formula (II), including a step of oxidatively esterifying a compound represented by the following formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein, in the formulae (I) and (II), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are bonded to each other to form a divalent hydrocarbon group for constituting a ring structure, provided that the case where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a methyl group at the same time is excluded.

The present invention relates to providing a novel glyceric acid ester which can be produced in a high yield and is expected to be applied as a synthetic intermediate, and a method of producing the same. In addition, the present invention relates to providing a novel glyceric acid ester which exhibits a high recovery in a water-washing step after the reaction and a small work load at the time of production, and is expected to be applied as a synthetic intermediate, and a method of producing the same. The present invention provides a method of producing a compound represented by the following formula (II), including a step of oxidatively esterifying a compound represented by the following formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein, in the formulae (I) and (II), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are bonded to each other to form a divalent hydrocarbon group for constituting a ring structure, provided that the case where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a methyl group at the same time is excluded.

An aerosol-generating system is provided, including a nicotine source; and a delivery enhancing compound source, which includes a reaction product of one or both of: (i) an alpha-keto carboxylic acid and a compound of formula (I) ##STR00001## where R.sup.1 is selected from alkyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl, and (ii) an alpha-hydroxy acid and a compound of formula (II) ##STR00002## where X is a halogen and R.sup.2 is selected from H, alkyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl.

An aerosol-generating system is provided, including a nicotine source; and a delivery enhancing compound source, which includes a reaction product of one or both of: (i) an alpha-keto carboxylic acid and a compound of formula (I) ##STR00001## where R.sup.1 is selected from alkyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl, and (ii) an alpha-hydroxy acid and a compound of formula (II) ##STR00002## where X is a halogen and R.sup.2 is selected from H, alkyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a 1,3-dioxan-5-one by a short-step and simple method from raw materials that are procurable easily and inexpensively, using, as a raw material, a 1,3-dioxane that is a mixture containing a 1,3-dioxolane. Provided is a method for producing a 1,3-dioxan-5-one, including using a mixture of a compound represented by the following formula (I) and a compound represented by the following formula (II) as a raw material, the method including a step of oxidizing the mixture under an oxidative esterification condition (step 2):

##STR00001##

wherein, in the formulae (I) and (II), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or RI and R.sup.2 are bonded to each other to form a divalent hydrocarbon group for constituting a ring structure.

The present invention is to provide a method of producing a glyceric acid ester which is easy for production and high in yield, and in which a pyridine to be used for the reaction is easily reused. Provided is a method of producing a compound represented by the following formula (II), including a step of oxidatively esterifying Compound A represented by the following formula (I) with Compound B selected from an organic nitroxyl radical, an N-hydroxy form thereof, and a salt containing an oxo ammonium cation of them, and an oxidizing agent in the presence of a pyridine having an alkyl substituent, wherein the use amount of Compound B is 0.0001 or more and 0.1 or less in terms of a molar ratio relative to Compound A:

##STR00001##

wherein, in the formulae (I) and (II), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are bonded to each other to form a divalent hydrocarbon group for constituting a ring structure.

The present invention concerns a new and improved method for preparation of (4S)-4-[4-cyano-2-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-3,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile of formula (I), as well as the preparation and use of the crystal form (A) of (4S)-4-[4-cyano-2-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-3,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile of formula (I).