A method of making a diakyl-, diaryl-, or alkylaryl-dihalosilane in a Grignard coupling reaction with a high degree of selectivity is provided. More specifically, a Grignard reagent comprising an alkyl- or aryl-magnesium halide is allowed to react with an alkyl- or aryl-trihalosilane precursor or reagent to produce a product mixture of R.sub.2SiX.sub.2 and R.sub.3SiX, wherein each R is independently selected to be an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen group, such that the R.sub.2SiX.sub.2 product is formed with a high degree of selectivity. High selectivity is defined as the mass ratio of R.sub.2SiX.sub.2 product to the R.sub.3SiX product that is formed in the reaction being greater than 7:1.

The present invention provides novel chromatographic materials, e.g., for chromatographic separations, processes for its preparation and separations devices containing the chromatographic material; separations devices, chromatographic columns and kits comprising the same; and methods for the preparation thereof. The chromatographic materials of the invention are superficially porous chromatographic particulate materials comprising sized less than 2 microns.

The present invention provides novel chromatographic materials, e.g., for chromatographic separations, processes for its preparation and separations devices containing the chromatographic material; separations devices, chromatographic columns and kits comprising the same; and methods for the preparation thereof. The chromatographic materials of the invention are superficially porous chromatographic particulate materials comprising sized less than 2 microns.

Selective reduction methods for halogenated carbosilanes and carbodisilanes are disclosed. More particularly, high yields of the desired carbosilanes and carbodisilanes are obtained by reduction of their halogenated counterparts using a reducing agent and tetrabutylphosphonium chloride (TBPC) as a catalyst.

An object of the present invention is to enable the synthesis of various fluorine-containing compounds having an organic group at both terminals of their tetrafluoroethylene structure (—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2—). The present invention provides a fluorine-containing complex compound including a fluorine-containing organic metal compound represented by formula (1a):
R.sup.1—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2-M.sup.1  (1a)
wherein M.sup.1 is a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, nickel, iron, cobalt, and tin; and R.sup.1 represents an organic group, and at least one ligand selected from the group consisting of pyridine ring-containing compounds and phosphines.

An object of the present invention is to enable the synthesis of various fluorine-containing compounds having an organic group at both terminals of their tetrafluoroethylene structure (—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2—). The present invention provides a fluorine-containing complex compound including a fluorine-containing organic metal compound represented by formula (1a):
R.sup.1—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2-M.sup.1  (1a)
wherein M.sup.1 is a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, nickel, iron, cobalt, and tin; and R.sup.1 represents an organic group, and at least one ligand selected from the group consisting of pyridine ring-containing compounds and phosphines.

Methylchlorosilanes are synthesized by an at least two stage reaction in which contact composition from a first fluidized bed reactor is fed to a second fluidized bed reactor.

Described are compounds of the structure R4—.sub.a—Si—(Sp-Y).sub.a—Z.sub.b, wherein “a” is integer from 1 to 4; “b” is an integer from 0 to (3×a); “Z,” which is absent when “b”“R” or formula (II), wherein each “R” is halogen, C.sub.1-6 linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl or C.sub.1-6 linear or branched halo-alkyl, halo-alkenyl, or halo-alkynyl; each “Sp” C.sub.1-15 linear or branched alkylenyl or CMS linear or branched halo-alkylenyl; and each “Y” an organic polar group. Also described are electrolyte compositions containing one or more of these compounds.

Described are compounds of the structure R4—.sub.a—Si—(Sp-Y).sub.a—Z.sub.b, wherein “a” is integer from 1 to 4; “b” is an integer from 0 to (3×a); “Z,” which is absent when “b”“R” or formula (II), wherein each “R” is halogen, C.sub.1-6 linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl or C.sub.1-6 linear or branched halo-alkyl, halo-alkenyl, or halo-alkynyl; each “Sp” C.sub.1-15 linear or branched alkylenyl or CMS linear or branched halo-alkylenyl; and each “Y” an organic polar group. Also described are electrolyte compositions containing one or more of these compounds.

Preparation of sulfur fine chemicals from sulfur sources is described.