-Substituted -amino acids, -substituted -amino acid derivatives, and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and methods of using the compounds for treating cancer are also disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs exhibit selective uptake in tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit cytotoxicity toward several tumor types.

Mixtures of diphosphinic acids and alkylphosphinic acids, a process for preparation thereof and use thereof

The invention relates to mixtures of at least one diphosphinic acid of the formula (I)

##STR00001##

in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 are each H, C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.18-alkenyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.18-aryl, C.sub.7-C.sub.18-alkylaryl R.sup.4 is C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkylene, C.sub.2-C.sub.18-alkenylene, C.sub.6-C.sub.18-arylene, C.sub.7-C.sub.18-alkylarylene
with at least one alkylphosphinic acid of the formula (II)

##STR00002##

in which R.sup.3 is C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.18-alkenyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.8-aryl, C.sub.7-C.sub.18-alkylaryl.

The invention also relates to a process for preparing these mixtures and to the use thereof.

-Substituted -amino acids, -substituted -amino acid derivatives, and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and methods of using the compounds for treating cancer are also disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs exhibit selective uptake in tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit cytotoxicity toward several tumor types.

-Substituted -amino acids, -substituted -amino acid derivatives, and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and methods of using the compounds for treating cancer are also disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs exhibit selective uptake in tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit cytotoxicity toward several tumor types.

The invention belongs to the technical field of low dielectric resin compositions, and discloses a low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant and a prepreg, resin film, laminate and printed circuit board prepared therefrom. The composition comprises the following components: (A) phosphorus-containing flame retardant; (B) vinyl compound. The phosphorus-containing flame retardant has a structure as shown in formula (I). ##STR00001## In the present invention, diphenylphosphine oxide is derivatized, and prepared a phosphorus-containing flame retardant, which has no reactive functional groups, has better dielectric properties, and has high melting point, and upon combining with a vinyl compound, a resin composition is obtained, and a laminate having low thermal expansion ratio, high heat resistance, high glass transition temperature, and low dielectric constant and dissipation factor, can be made from the resin composition, and can effectively achieve the flame resistance effect of UL94 V-0 without using halogen-containing flame retardant, and can be used in the preparation of prepregs, resin films, resin coated coppers, flexible resin coated coppers, laminates and printed circuit boards.

-Substituted -amino acids, -substituted -amino acid derivatives, and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and methods of using the compounds for treating cancer are also disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs exhibit selective uptake in tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit cytotoxicity toward several tumor types.

Compounds and compositions are provided that inhibit histone deacylase activity and which expand renal progenitor cell populations and improve kidney function in a damaged kidney. Methods of use of the compounds and compositions are provided.

-Substituted -amino acids, -substituted -amino acid derivatives, and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and methods of using the compounds for treating cancer are also disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs exhibit selective uptake in tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit cytotoxicity toward several tumor types.

-Substituted -amino acids, -substituted -amino acid derivatives, and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates, capable of passing through the blood-brain barrier, and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and methods of using the compounds for treating tumors are also disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit an improved selectivity toward tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit an increased efficacy on a variety of tumor types.

-Substituted -amino acids, -substituted -amino acid derivatives, and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates, capable of passing through the blood-brain barrier, and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and methods of using the compounds for treating tumors are also disclosed. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit an improved selectivity toward tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The -substituted -amino acid derivatives and -substituted -amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit an increased efficacy on a variety of tumor types.