Disclosed are novel prodrugs derived from nicotinic acid and pharmaceutical compositions thereof which may be used to treat or prevent a variety of medical disorders, which may be characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof may be used to treat or prevent metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disorders, cerebrovascular disorders, liver disorders, a kidney disorders or muscle disorders.

Phosphoramidate derivatives of 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine are disclosed for use in the treatment of cancer, especially in the treatment of cancer where the patient shows resistance, for example, in a patient with cells with a lowered level of nucleoside transporter proteins and/or with nucleoside kinase-deficient cells and/or with Mycoplasma-infected cells and/or with cells with a raised level of thymidylate synthase.

Disclosed herein is a compound for electron transport material and an organic light emitting diode including the same. The compound for electron transport material is represented by the following Formula 1. Since the compound for electron transport material, as represented by Formula 1, contains a triazine structure, the compound has high electron mobility and is thus suitable as an electron transport material. The organic light emitting diode includes an electron transport layer formed of the compound as represented by Formula 1 and thus can have increased lifespan. ##STR00001##

The invention relates to compounds of formula (I)

##STR00001##

where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 are each independently selected from —(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C.sub.6-C.sub.20)-aryl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.20)-heteroaryl; at least one of the R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 radicals is a —(C.sub.3-C.sub.20)-heteroaryl radical; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, if they are —(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C.sub.6-C.sub.20)-aryl or —(C.sub.3-C.sub.20)-heteroaryl, may each independently be substituted by one or more substituents selected from —(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-heterocycloalkyl, —O—(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —O—(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl-(C.sub.6-C.sub.20)-aryl, —O—(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, —S—(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —S—(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, —COO—(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —COO—(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, —CONH—(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —CONH—(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, —CO—(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —CO—(C.sub.3-C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, —N—[(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl].sub.2, —(C.sub.6-C.sub.20)-aryl, —(C.sub.6-C.sub.20)-aryl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —(C.sub.6-C.sub.20)-aryl-O—(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.20)-heteroaryl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.20)-heteroaryl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —(C.sub.3-C.sub.20)-heteroaryl-O—(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)-alkyl, —COOH, —OH, —SO.sub.3H, —NH.sub.2, halogen; and to the use thereof as ligands in alkoxycarbonylation.

The present invention relates to the discovery that certain non-naturally occurring, non-peptide amide compounds and amide derivatives, such as oxalamides, ureas, and acrylamides, are useful flavor or taste modifiers, such as a flavoring or flavoring agents and flavor or taste enhancer, more particularly, savory (the “umami” taste of monosodium glutamate) or sweet taste modifiers, —savory or sweet flavoring agents and savory or sweet flavor enhancers, for food, beverages, and other comestible or orally administered medicinal products or compositions.

Compounds useful as fluorescent or colored dyes are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): ##STR00001## including stereoisomers, salts and tautomers thereof, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, L.sup.5, L.sup.6, M.sup.1, M.sup.2, A, q, w and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds are also provided.

An antibiotic compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a salt or stereoisomer thereof; wherein: R.sup.1-R.sup.3 and R.sup.5-R.sup.6 are independently selected from H or a C1-C5 alkyl group or a C1-C5 substituted alkyl group; R.sup.4 is a C1-C5 alkyl group or a C1-C5 substituted alkyl group; X.sup.1-X.sup.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of ═O, H, and OH; Y is an acyclic hydrocarbon chain having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted acyclic hydrocarbon chain having 2 to 20 carbon atoms; and Z is a neutral or positively charged organic group including a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, the nitrogen or phosphorous atom forming a covalent bond with a carbon atom of Y. Also disclosed are methods of treating a bacterial disease including administering an effective amount of the compound to a subject in need thereof, wherein the bacterial disease is caused by a gram-negative bacteria.

An antibiotic compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a salt or stereoisomer thereof; wherein: R.sup.1-R.sup.3 and R.sup.5-R.sup.6 are independently selected from H or a C1-C5 alkyl group or a C1-C5 substituted alkyl group; R.sup.4 is a C1-C5 alkyl group or a C1-C5 substituted alkyl group; X.sup.1-X.sup.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of ═O, H, and OH; Y is an acyclic hydrocarbon chain having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted acyclic hydrocarbon chain having 2 to 20 carbon atoms; and Z is a neutral or positively charged organic group including a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, the nitrogen or phosphorous atom forming a covalent bond with a carbon atom of Y. Also disclosed are methods of treating a bacterial disease including administering an effective amount of the compound to a subject in need thereof, wherein the bacterial disease is caused by a gram-negative bacteria.

The present invention is directed to therapeutic compounds capable of targeting cancer cells and cancer stem cells. The present invention is further directed to compositions comprising these therapeutic compounds and methods of treating cancer comprising administering these therapeutic compounds.

The invention relates to a flavonoid derivative containing a flavonoid that is coupled to an alkylene group via an ether bond, said alkylene group having an adhesion group for adhesion onto a dental surface. The flavonoid derivative has a long-term suppressing effect on the dental disease-causing formation of biofilm on the dental surfaces treated with the flavonoid derivative. The invention further relates to a kit for producing such a flavonoid derivative, and to the use of same.

##STR00001##