In some aspects, the present disclosure pertains to multi-arm polymers that comprise a core and a plurality of polymer segments having a first end that is covalently attached to the core and (a) a second end comprising a moiety that comprises a reactive end group, wherein the polymer segments comprise one or more hydrophilic aprotic NMP-polymerizable monomers, and wherein the reactive multi-arm polymer comprises nitroxide radicals or (b) a second end comprising a moiety that comprises an alkoxyamine group, wherein the core is a polyol residue, and wherein the polymer segments comprise one or more NMP-polymerizable monomers. In some aspects, the present disclosure pertains to a multifunctional alkoxyamine molecule comprising a core and a plurality of alkoxyamine groups covalently attached to the core, wherein the core is a polyol residue.

Phosphonate based lithium complexes of formula (I) and their use in electrolyte compositions for electrochemical cells. ##STR00001##

Phosphonate based lithium complexes of formula (I) and their use in electrolyte compositions for electrochemical cells. ##STR00001##

A versatile, highly efficient process for the preparation of acylphosphines such as mono- and bisacylphosphines via reaction of phosphines (PH.sub.3 and higher homologues) or silylated phosphines with acylhalides in the presence of at least one lewis acid. Further a novel acyl phosphines obtainable by the process.

A heterocyclic compound represented by the following Formula 1 and an organic electroluminescence device including the same are provided. ##STR00001## In Formula 1, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each independently represented by any one of the following Formulae 2 to 4: ##STR00002##

A heterocyclic compound represented by the following Formula 1 and an organic electroluminescence device including the same are provided. ##STR00001## In Formula 1, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each independently represented by any one of the following Formulae 2 to 4: ##STR00002##

A method for preparing a sensitizing material and an organic light emitting diode are provided, the method including: adding C.sub.24H.sub.16Br.sub.2P.sub.2 and dichloromethane to a hydrogen peroxide solution to react therewith, dissolving a reactant in a dichloromethane solution and subjecting the solution to a purification with a first silica gel column; adding a purified product, a predetermined electron donor material, palladium acetate, and tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate in sodium tert-butoxide and toluene to react; extracting with dichloromethane and purified by a second silica gel column.

An organic electroluminescence device includes: a first electrode, a hole transport region on the first electrode, an emission layer on the hole transport region, an electron transport region on the emission layer, and a second electrode on the electron transport region, wherein the emission layer includes a polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

Electrolytes and electrolyte additives for energy storage devices comprising phosphazene based compounds are disclosed. The energy storage device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, an electrolyte comprising at least two electrolyte co-solvents, wherein at least one electrolyte co-solvent comprises a phosphazene based compound.

Electrolytes and electrolyte additives for energy storage devices comprising phosphazene based compounds are disclosed. The energy storage device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, an electrolyte comprising at least two electrolyte co-solvents, wherein at least one electrolyte co-solvent comprises a phosphazene based compound.