The disclosure concerns phosphorus compounds of formula (I), (II) and (III) and methods of synthesising these compounds. The phosphorus compound can be a cyclic phosphorus compound. The method comprises reacting a compound having two Michael acceptor groups with a hypophosphite ester, acid, salt or solvate thereof and an optional organosilicon compound. The diene can be a cyclodiene.

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Disclosed herein is a process for making a compound of formula (2) by (hetero)aromatic CH hydroxylation of a compound of formula (1): catalyzed by palladium(II) and a bidentate ligand in the presence of O.sub.2. The process is useful for instance, in the late-stage modification of medicinally important heterocycles.

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The invention relates to new processes for preparing palladium complexes, allowing preparation of known products with high purity and in good yields and also allowing preparation of new palladium complexes. The invention also relates to new palladium complexes that are suitable as precatalysts and/or catalysts, in particular for coupling reactions.

Described herein are compositions and methods for the storage and release of hydrogen gas using covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Advantageously, the compositions and methods described herein may be used for the facile and rapid release of hydrogen gas at near ambient temperatures. The described COFs allow for photoactivation, where the release of gas is initiated or the rate of release is increased with the COF is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, for example, UV light.

An olefin polymerization catalyst containing a complex of a ligand being a diimine compound represented by the formula (1) and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Group 8 elements, Group 9 elements and Group 10 elements: ##STR00001##
wherein Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are respectively a group represented by the formula (2): ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 are respectively a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms of R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 is 1 or more and 5 or less, and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are respectively a hydrogen atom or an electron-donating group.

Methods for deposition of elemental metal films on surfaces using metal coordination complexes comprising nitrogen-containing ligands are provided. Also provided are nitrogen-containing ligands useful in the methods of the invention and metal coordination complexes comprising these ligands.

Oxygen sensing luminescent dyes, polymers and sensors comprising these sensors and methods of using these sensors and systems are provided.

The present specification relates to a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a composition for forming an optical film and an optical film comprising the same, and a display device comprising the optical film.

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a complex of formula (I): comprising the step of reacting Pd(diolefin)X.sub.2 or PdX.sub.2 and PR.sub.1 R.sub.2R.sub.3 in a solvent to form the complex of formula (I), wherein the process is carried out in the absence of a base, the molar ratio of Pd(diolefin)X.sub.2:PR.sub.1 R.sub.2R.sub.3 or PdX.sub.2:PR.sub.1 R.sub.2R.sub.3 is greater than 1:1.1, up to about 1:2.5; each X is independently a halide; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of tert-butyl and isopropyl.

Propyl-bridged diphosphine compounds, metal complexes of these compounds and the use thereof for alkoxycarbonylation.