The subject disclosure is directed to functionalized bile acids, preparation thereof, and usage thereof for therapeutic and material applications. In one embodiment, a method of generating functionalized bile acid materials can comprise directly activating a carboxylic acid of a bile acid compound using a coupling agent comprising an amide or ester compound, thereby generating an intermediate bile acid derivative material. The method can further comprise attaching a functional group material to the intermediate bile acid derivative material by reacting the functional group material and the intermediate bile acid derivative material, thereby generating a functionalized bile acid material.

Provided are a scroll preparing method using a two-dimensional material and a scroll prepared thereby. The scroll preparing method comprises preparing a two-dimensional material. The two-dimensional material is scrolled by providing an amphiphilic substance having a hydrophilic portion and a hydrophobic portion on the two-dimensional material. As a result, a scroll composite including the amphiphilic substance disposed inside a scroll structure is formed.

The present application relates to isotopically labeled compounds of Formula I and methods of preparation and use thereof.

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The present invention provides a composition for adjusting biological tissue size and a method for adjusting the size of biological tissue using the said composition. The composition for adjusting the size of biological tissue according to the present invention can adjust the size of biological tissue according to the specifications of a microscope and the needs of a researcher, and can be used as a mounting solution to easily acquire an image of the biological tissue. Therefore, the composition can be usefully used to reveal the causes of and find treatment methods for various disorders.

The present invention provides a process for preparation of deoxycholic acid or salt thereof; the process comprises the steps of reacting the compound of formula II to obtain a compound of formula III; the compound of formula III is converted to a compound of formula IV and the compound of formula IV is converted to deoxycholic acid. The present invention also provides a process for the purification of deoxycholic acid or salt thereof.

The invention relates to compounds, compositions and polymers comprising a first component adapted to promote germination of Clostridium difficile (C. diff) and a second component which acts as an antimicrobial agent. Said compounds, compositions and polymers are useful for destroying C. diff where conventional antimicrobial agents are unsuccessful. The compositions can be formulated as coating or materials which actively destroy C. diff which come into contact with it. The germination promotion is induced by bile salts. The invention also relates to the use of such materials as a treatment for C. diff associated diseases and toxic megacolon.

Compositions and methods for enhancing carbonation effect in food consumables are provided.

The subject disclosure is directed to functionalized bile acids, preparation thereof, and usage thereof for therapeutic and material applications. In one embodiment, a method of generating functionalized bile acid materials can comprise directly activating a carboxylic acid of a bile acid compound using a coupling agent comprising an amide or ester compound, thereby generating an intermediate bile acid derivative material. The method can further comprise attaching a functional group material to the intermediate bile acid derivative material by reacting the functional group material and the intermediate bile acid derivative material, thereby generating a functionalized bile acid material.

Synthetic methods for preparing deoxycholic acid and intermediates thereof, high purity synthetic deoxycholic acid, compositions and methods of use are provided. Also, provided are processes for the synthesis of 12-keto or 12--hydroxysteroids from -9,11-ene, 11-keto or 11-hydroxy--steroids. This invention is also directed to novel compounds prepared during the synthesis. This invention is also directed to the synthesis of deoxycholic acid starting from hydrocortisone.

The invention provides, in part, polyhydroxylated bile adds for treating biliary disorders, for example, biliary disorders arising out of cholestasis of portal hypertension. The invention also provides, in part, polyhydroxylated bile acids for stimulating bile flow. New compounds 2,3,7,12-tetrahydroxy-5-cholanoic acid and 3,4,7,12-tetrahydroxy-5-cholanoic acid are disclosed, uses thereof and synthesis thereof.