Provided herein is an isolated polynucleotide, which encodes alphavirus non-structural proteins nsp1, nsp2, nsp3 and nsp4 and a polypeptide comprising a coronavirus protein fused to a signal sequence and/or transmembrane domain. The coronavirus protein may be the receptor binding domain of the S1 subunit of coronavirus spike (S) protein. The polynucleotide such as RNA is useful for as a vaccine against coronavirus infection, especially, COVID-19 infection.

The disclosure provides nanoemulsion compositions and methods of making and using thereof to deliver a bioactive agent such as a nucleic acid to a subject. The nanoemulsion composition comprises a hydrophobic core based on inorganic nanoparticles in a lipid nanoparticle that allows imaging as well as delivering nucleic acids. Methods of using these particles for treatment and vaccination are also provided.

The disclosure provides nanoemulsion compositions and methods of making and using thereof to deliver a bioactive agent such as a nucleic acid to a subject. The nanoemulsion composition comprises a hydrophobic core based on inorganic nanoparticles in a lipid nanoparticle that allows imaging as well as delivering nucleic acids. Methods of using these particles for treatment and vaccination are also provided.

The disclosure provides nanoemulsion compositions and methods of making and using thereof to deliver a bioactive agent such as a nucleic acid to a subject. The nanoemulsion composition comprises a hydrophobic core based on inorganic nanoparticles in a lipid nanoparticle that allows imaging as well as delivering nucleic acids. Methods of using these particles for treatment and vaccination are also provided.

The disclosure provides nanoemulsion compositions and methods of making and using thereof to deliver a bioactive agent such as a nucleic acid to a subject. The nanoemulsion composition comprises a hydrophobic core based on inorganic nanoparticles in a lipid nanoparticle that allows imaging as well as delivering nucleic acids. Methods of using these particles for treatment and vaccination are also provided.

The present invention relates to: a therapeutic composition for coronavirus comprising, as an active ingredient, one peptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 6, and SEQ ID NO: 8 that binds to a coronavirus N-protein, a coronavirus-derived spike protein, or a fragment of the spike protein; and a composition that binds to a coronavirus N-protein comprising, as an active ingredient, the coronavirus-derived spike protein or the fragment of the spike protein. It is suggested that the peptides of the present invention, based on the understanding and targeting of the interaction of the coronavirus S protein and N protein of the present invention, have an effect that can be helpful in the treatment of coronaviruses including MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and HCoV-OC43.

The present invention relates to: a therapeutic composition for coronavirus comprising, as an active ingredient, one peptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 6, and SEQ ID NO: 8 that binds to a coronavirus N-protein, a coronavirus-derived spike protein, or a fragment of the spike protein; and a composition that binds to a coronavirus N-protein comprising, as an active ingredient, the coronavirus-derived spike protein or the fragment of the spike protein. It is suggested that the peptides of the present invention, based on the understanding and targeting of the interaction of the coronavirus S protein and N protein of the present invention, have an effect that can be helpful in the treatment of coronaviruses including MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and HCoV-OC43.

Embodiments of the invention include immunogenic compositions that comprise an attenuated recombinant Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica Live Vaccine Strain (LVS) having a deletion in a polynucleotide encoding CapB (LVS ΔcapB), wherein the LVS ΔcapB expresses one or more antigens present on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Embodiments of the invention also include methods of immunizing a susceptible host against a pathogen comprising administering to the host a vaccine that comprises an attenuated recombinant Live Vaccine Strain lacking a polynucleotide encoding CapB (LVS ΔcapB), wherein the LVS ΔcapB expresses one or more antigens expressed by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR8-CoV-2) polypeptide.

Embodiments of the invention include immunogenic compositions that comprise an attenuated recombinant Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica Live Vaccine Strain (LVS) having a deletion in a polynucleotide encoding CapB (LVS ΔcapB), wherein the LVS ΔcapB expresses one or more antigens present on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Embodiments of the invention also include methods of immunizing a susceptible host against a pathogen comprising administering to the host a vaccine that comprises an attenuated recombinant Live Vaccine Strain lacking a polynucleotide encoding CapB (LVS ΔcapB), wherein the LVS ΔcapB expresses one or more antigens expressed by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR8-CoV-2) polypeptide.

In various embodiments immunogenic nanoparticles are provided that are capable of raising an immune response directed against one or more viral proteins and/or protein fragments. In certain embodiments the immunogenic nanoparticles raise an immune response directed against a virus (e.g., SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV), SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV, and the like). In certain embodiments the immunogenic nanoparticles comprise a nanoparticle formed from one or more biocompatible polymer(s), one or more viral proteins or fragments thereof encapsulated within or attached to the biocompatible polymer(s) where the viral protein or fragment thereof comprises an antigen to which an immune response is to be induced by administration of the immunogenic nanoparticle to a mammal and where the immunogenic nanoparticle further comprises an adjuvant (e.g., a STING agonist).