Disclosed herein relates to immunotherapeutic compositions comprising immunotherapeutic peptides comprising neoepitopes, polynucleotides encoding the immunotherapeutic peptides, antigen presenting cells comprising the immunotherapeutic peptides or polynucleotides, or T cell receptors specific for the neoepitopes. Also disclosed herein is use of the immunotherapeutic compositions.

Disclosed herein relates to immunotherapeutic compositions comprising immunotherapeutic peptides comprising neoepitopes, polynucleotides encoding the immunotherapeutic peptides, antigen presenting cells comprising the immunotherapeutic peptides or polynucleotides, or T cell receptors specific for the neoepitopes. Also disclosed herein is use of the immunotherapeutic compositions.

The present invention relates to tyrosine-specific functionalized insulin analogs and processes of making such tyrosine-specific functionalized insulin analogs using R-3H-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-(4H)diones (PTAD).

The present invention relates to tyrosine-specific functionalized insulin analogs and processes of making such tyrosine-specific functionalized insulin analogs using R-3H-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-(4H)diones (PTAD).

Methods are disclosed for producing highly purified recombinant human insulin (RHI) having a purity of 99.0% (w/w) or greater, a Total Impurity (not including the related substance desamido Asn.sup.A21-RHI, as specified by USP) of 0.8% (w/w) or less, and an impurity C of 0.1% (w/w) or less. Also disclosed are API compositions of highly purified RHI having a purity of 99.0% (w/w) or greater, a Total Impurity of 0.8% (w/w) or less, and an impurity C of 0.1% (w/w) or less.

Methods are disclosed for producing highly purified recombinant human insulin (RHI) having a purity of 99.0% (w/w) or greater, a Total Impurity (not including the related substance desamido Asn.sup.A21-RHI, as specified by USP) of 0.8% (w/w) or less, and an impurity C of 0.1% (w/w) or less. Also disclosed are API compositions of highly purified RHI having a purity of 99.0% (w/w) or greater, a Total Impurity of 0.8% (w/w) or less, and an impurity C of 0.1% (w/w) or less.

An amplifying method of pancreatic cells is provided. The amplifying method includes performing digestion, resuspension, discontinuous density gradient centrifugation treatment and amplifying treatment sequentially. The mammalian pancreatic duct is used as the source of pancreatic precursor-like cells in the amplifying method, and islet cells and acinar cells in the cell clusters obtained by the discontinuous density gradient centrifugation treatment are removed. It is beneficial to improve the yield of the pancreatic precursor-like cells availably, and avoid the ethical restrictions and possible carcinogenic risks caused by using the embryonic stem cells. The amplifying medium used comprises a reprogramming substance composed of several small molecule compounds. It can avoid the risks of non-specific and off-target deletion that are easily caused by the use of the gene-editing methods to change the gene sequence. Also provided is a differentiation method and an application of the pancreatic precursor-like cells obtained by the amplifying method.

An amplifying method of pancreatic cells is provided. The amplifying method includes performing digestion, resuspension, discontinuous density gradient centrifugation treatment and amplifying treatment sequentially. The mammalian pancreatic duct is used as the source of pancreatic precursor-like cells in the amplifying method, and islet cells and acinar cells in the cell clusters obtained by the discontinuous density gradient centrifugation treatment are removed. It is beneficial to improve the yield of the pancreatic precursor-like cells availably, and avoid the ethical restrictions and possible carcinogenic risks caused by using the embryonic stem cells. The amplifying medium used comprises a reprogramming substance composed of several small molecule compounds. It can avoid the risks of non-specific and off-target deletion that are easily caused by the use of the gene-editing methods to change the gene sequence. Also provided is a differentiation method and an application of the pancreatic precursor-like cells obtained by the amplifying method.

Disclosed are peptides comprising an insulin A chain peptide and an insulin B chain peptide, wherein the B chain peptide comprises a substitution at amino acid 10 and amino acid 20. Disclosed are methods of increasing insulin receptor activation in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed peptide. Disclosed are methods of lowering the blood sugar in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed peptide. Disclosed are methods of treating type 1 diabetes in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Disclosed are peptides comprising an insulin A chain peptide and an insulin B chain peptide, wherein the B chain peptide comprises a substitution at amino acid 10 and amino acid 20. Disclosed are methods of increasing insulin receptor activation in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed peptide. Disclosed are methods of lowering the blood sugar in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed peptide. Disclosed are methods of treating type 1 diabetes in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.