The present invention provides methods for treating a subject infected with 2019 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a GM-CSF antagonist or a therapeutically effective amount of a GM-CSF antagonist and a second drug, including an anti-viral agent, an anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and serum containing human polyclonal antibodies to SARS-CoV-2.

Linker-drug compounds and antibody-drug conjugates that bind to human oncology targets are disclosed. The linker-drug compounds and antibody-drug conjugates comprise a splicing modulator drug moiety. The disclosure further relates to methods and compositions for use in the treatment of neoplastic disorders by administering the antibody-drug conjugates provided herein. In an embodiment, the splicing modulator comprises a pladienolide or a pladienolide derivative.

A new use of M-CSF or G-CSF as a useful marker for diagnosis or treatment of pulmonary fibrosis is disclosed. Also disclose are a composition containing M-CSF inhibitor and/or G-CSF inhibitor, as active ingredients, wherein the composition is suitable for preventing or treating pulmonary fibrosis. A composition containing M-CSF inhibitor and/or G-CSF inhibitor which bind to M-CSF and G-CSF, respectively, has an effect of significantly inhibiting myofibroblast hyperplasia or pulmonary fibrosis of the pulmonary cells.

The present invention relates generally to a method for the treatment and prophylaxis of pain. In accordance with the present invention, it is proposed that antagonists of GM-CSF are effective in the treatment of pain. Antagonists of GM-CSF include, but are not limited to, antibodies which are specific for GM-CSF or the GM-CSF receptor. The present invention further provides transgenic animals, such as a GM-CSF knock-out mouse, useful for testing antagonists in certain disease models.

The present invention relates to aqueous formulations comprising at least 20 mg/ml of a compound neutralizing GM-CSF, a lyoprotectant and an amino acid and/or a buffer. The ingredients of the formulation preferably provide stability to the compound neutralizing GM-CSF in view of lyophilization, storage and reconstruction. In a preferred aspect, the formulation, e.g. after reconstruction, is for use in therapy, preferably for use in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, preferably including allergic and psoriatic disorders, as well as arthritic and asthmatic disorders. Furthermore, a kit comprising the formulation of the invention is provided.

A method for increasing phase locking of neurons to gamma oscillations in at least one brain region of a subject for treating Alzheimer's disease in the subject in need thereof includes administering an inhibitor including a colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor or a colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF1) inhibitor to the subject. The method also includes administering a stimulus to the subject having a frequency from about 20 Hz to about 60 Hz.

Combination therapies are disclosed. The combination therapies can be used to treat or prevent cancerous conditions and/or disorders.

Provided are high concentration stable formulations of anti-CSF1R/CSF1 antibodies. An example formulation includes 105 to 250 mg/mL of the antibody, 100 mM to 200 mM of arginine glutamate or arginine HCl, 10 mM to 50 mM histidine, and 0.015 to 0.035 w/v % of polysorbate 80, at a pH of 5.4 to 5.6. Also provided are methods of using the formulations for treating diseases.

Methods of inhibiting or reducing the incidence or the severity of immunotherapy-related toxicity in a subject, the method comprising a step of administering a recombinant hGMCSF antagonist to the subject, wherein said administering inhibits or reduces the incidence or the severity of immunotherapy-related toxicity in said subject, are provided. An hGMCSF antagonist for use in methods of inhibiting or reducing the incidence or the severity of immunotherapy-related toxicity in a subject also are provided.

The present invention provides multispecific antibodies, and antigen binding fragments thereof, that potently neutralize a cytokine and that may thus be useful in the prevention and/or treatment of inflammatory and/or autoimmune diseases. In particular, the present invention provides a multispecific antibody, or an antigen binding fragment thereof, comprising at least two different domains specifically binding to at least two different, non-overlapping sites in a cytokine and an Fc moiety. The invention also relates to nucleic acids that encode such antibodies and antibody fragments and immortalized B cells and cultured plasma cells that produce such antibodies and antibody fragments. In addition, the invention relates to the use of the antibodies and antibody fragments of the invention in screening methods as well as in the diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of inflammatory and/or autoimmune diseases.