The present disclosure discloses an ultrasonic-assisted method of extracting a pectin rich in RG-I. The method includes: (1) dispersing citrus peel powders in an alkaline solution containing sodium borohydride; (2) placing a solution obtained in step (1) in a water bath of 25 to 40° C., and performing an ultrasonic treatment on the solution obtained in step (1); (3) centrifuging the solution subjected to step (2) at a speed of 6000-8000 rpm to remove residues, retaining a supernatant, and precipitating a pectic polysaccharide with absolute ethanol; and (4) adding water to the pectic polysaccharide precipitant subjected to step (3) to obtain a redissolved solution, transferring the solution to a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 3000 to 3500 Da, dialyzing for 48 hours, and freeze-drying in a vacuum freezer to obtain the pectin rich in RG-I.

The present disclosure discloses a method for extracting pectin rich in RG-I, in particular to an ultrasound and pressure assisted method for extracting pectin rich in RG-I. The main process includes: dispersing sieved citrus peel powers in alkaline solution containing sodium borohydride (20 to 50 mM); performing an ultrasound and pressure combined treatment on the above solution at 25 to 40° C., the treatment conditions include: static pressure of 0.2 to 0.4 MPa, ultrasonic intensity of 0.5 to 3.5 W/mL, and treatment time of 20 to 40 min; centrifuging the ultrasonically processed solution to remove residues, and sequentially carrying out precipitation with ethanol (50% to 80% v/v), precipitant dialysis (3000 to 3500 Da), and vacuum freeze drying on the extracted solution to obtain pectic polysaccharide.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to methods and systems for purifying proteins, carbohydrate rich products, and polysaccharide products from a microcrop (e.g., photosynthetic aquatic species) and compositions thereof. For example, the present disclosure relates, in some embodiments to methods and systems for extracting proteins, dry biocrude, carbohydrate-rich meal, and polysaccharide products from Lemna.

Methods for producing an activated pectin-containing biomass composition are provided. The method includes (A) mixing a starting pectin-containing biomass material comprising an insoluble fiber component and an insoluble protopectin component with an aqueous solution of an alcohol to form a mixture; (B) activating the starting pectin-containing biomass material to form an activated pectin-containing biomass material comprising the insoluble fiber component and a soluble pectin component by subjecting the starting pectin-containing biomass material to (i) an activating solution formed by adding acid to the mixture to adjust the pH of the mixture within the range from at or about 0.5 to at or about 2.5 and (ii) heat to a temperature greater than at or about 40 degrees Celsius; and (C) applying mechanical energy either (i) to the mixture of step A), (ii) during the activating of step B), or (iii) to the mixture of step A) and during the activating of step B); and (D) separating the activated pectin-containing biomass material from the mixture; wherein during the method the alcohol present in the mixture is at or greater than about 40 weight percent based on the total weight of the mixture. Activated pectin-containing biomass compositions are also provided.

Methods for producing an activated pectin-containing biomass composition are provided. The method includes (A) mixing a starting pectin-containing biomass material having an insoluble fiber component and an insoluble protopectin component with an aqueous solution of an alcohol to form a mixture; (B) activating the starting pectin-containing biomass material to form an activated pectin-containing biomass material having the insoluble fiber component and a soluble pectin component by subjecting the starting pectin-containing biomass material to (i) an activating solution formed by adding acid to the mixture to adjust the pH of the mixture within the range from at or about 0.5 to at or about 2.5 and (ii) heat to a temperature greater than at or about 40 degrees Celsius; and (C) applying mechanical energy either (i) to the mixture of step A), (ii) during the activating of step B), or (iii) to the mixture of step A) and during the activating of step B); and (D) separating the activated pectin-containing biomass material from the mixture; wherein during the method the alcohol present in the mixture is at or greater than about 40 weight percent based on the total weight of the mixture. Activated pectin-containing biomass compositions are also provided.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to methods and systems for purifying proteins, carbohydrate rich products, and polysaccharide products from a microcrop (e.g., photosynthetic aquatic species) and compositions thereof. For example, the present disclosure relates, in some embodiments to methods and systems for extracting proteins, dry biocrude, carbohydrate-rich meal, and polysaccharide products from Lemna.

The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of a low methoxyl, highly-calcium-reactive pectin and to a low methoxyl, highly-calcium-reactive pectin obtainable by said process. In addition, the present invention relates to the use of the low methoxyl pectin according to the invention for the production of food and non-food products. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a product or a stabilized aqueous system prepared using the low methoxyl pectin according to the invention.

The disclosure discloses a method for co-production of gelling and emulsifying pectins from chicory/Jerusalem artichoke pulp, including raw material pretreatment, extraction, filtration, concentration, alcohol precipitation, and drying. According to the cell wall structure and tissue characteristics of chicory/Jerusalem artichoke pulp, the disclosure targetedly adopts the salt extraction and the dilute acid extraction to sequentially produce gelling and emulsifying pectin products. The gelling chicory/Jerusalem artichoke pectin has characteristics of simple molecular structure, high purity, low degree of acetylation (DA), and high gel strength; and the emulsifying chicory/Jerusalem artichoke pectin has excellent emulsifying properties. The extraction method for chicory/Jerusalem artichoke pectin in the disclosure can provide two types of pectin at the same time, broaden the application range of chicory/Jerusalem artichoke pectin, and improve the processing utilization of chicory/Jerusalem artichoke pulp.

The present invention relates to citrus pectin characterized by a low degree of methyl esterification yet a high intrinsic viscosity, a process for producing pectin using citrus peel and use of an enzyme endogenous to citrus peel to produce pectin.

The present disclosure discloses a method for extracting a RG-I-rich pectic polysaccharide. The method comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring a citrus fruit peel powder and a dilute hydrochloric acid solution at a low temperature to destroy cell walls of citrus peels, filtering, and then mixing the retentate with a sodium hydroxide solution for low temperature extraction, adding ethanol to the solution obtained by filtering to precipitate, and washing the obtained polysaccharide with ethanol and drying to obtain the above pectic polysaccharide. Compared with the traditional extraction method, this method reduces the hydrolysis of pectin side chains by controlling the extraction temperature, and the extracted pectic polysaccharide is rich in RG-I domain and has higher biological activity such as cancer and cardiovascular disease prevention. Energy can be greatly saved because of the low extraction temperature. The extracted pectic polysaccharide can be potentially used as functional food ingredients.