The invention relates to polymeric-inorganic nanoparticle compositions and preparation processes thereof. The invention also relates to an additive and lubricant compositions comprising these polymeric-inorganic nanoparticle compositions, as well as to the use of these polymeric-inorganic nanoparticle compositions in an oil lubricant formulation to improve tribological performance, in particular to improve extreme pressure performance and friction reduction on metal parts.

A modified diene polymer is provided which may be added to a rubber composition together with a filler to allow the filler to be dispersed in a crosslinked product of the composition in a state that is ideal for attaining enhanced properties. A method for producing such modified diene polymers is also provided. The modified linear diene polymer has a specific functional group only at one end thereof, the average number of the functional groups per molecule being 0.8 to 1.

Novel method for production of epoxy terminated butadiene and butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer tougheners synthesized through the use of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene and hydroxyl terminated butadiene acrylonitrile copolymers as starting materials. The epoxy terminated butadiene and butadiene acrylonitrile copolymers synthesized by the novel method have unexpectedly lower viscosity, contain no free epoxy and provide good improvements in T-peel resistance over traditional tougheners produced using traditional methods. Adhesives, composites and coatings utilizing the tougheners of the inventive method are within the scope of the invention.

Novel method for production of epoxy terminated butadiene and butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer tougheners synthesized through the use of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene and hydroxyl terminated butadiene acrylonitrile copolymers as starting materials. The epoxy terminated butadiene and butadiene acrylonitrile copolymers synthesized by the novel method have unexpectedly lower viscosity, contain no free epoxy and provide good improvements in T-peel resistance over traditional tougheners produced using traditional methods. Adhesives, composites and coatings utilizing the tougheners of the inventive method are within the scope of the invention.

A process for synthesizing a polymer bearing at least one phosphonate group in the polymer chain is provided. The process comprises at least the reaction of a starting polymer bearing at least one nucleophilic function in the polymer chain with at least one electrophilic compound bearing both a phosphonate group and an electrophilic function. The electrophilic function is selected from the halide function, the acyl halide function, the ester function, the carboxylic acid function and the isocyanate function.

A process for synthesizing a polymer bearing at least one phosphonate group in the polymer chain is provided. The process comprises at least the reaction of a starting polymer bearing at least one nucleophilic function in the polymer chain with at least one electrophilic compound bearing both a phosphonate group and an electrophilic function. The electrophilic function is selected from the halide function, the acyl halide function, the ester function, the carboxylic acid function and the isocyanate function.

A macromonomer precursor is provided that includes a polymeric chain derived from farnesene and a single functional terminal end. The functional terminal end may include a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an epoxy group, an isocyanato group, or a carboxylic acid group. The terminal end of the macromonomer precursor may then be reacted with a (meth)acrylate to form a macromonomer having a (meth)acrylate functionalized terminal end that may be (co)polymerized with radically polymerizable monomers, such as alkyl(meth)acrylate monomers. Alternatively, a copolymer may be obtained by first deriving a poly(meth)acrylate from (meth)acrylate monomers having reactive groups that would allow the macromonomer precursors to be grafted onto the poly(meth)acrylate in a second step. The resulting copolymer may be incorporated as an additive in various formulations, such as a lubricant, a hydraulic fluid, a cosmetic composition, and an adhesive composition.

A macromonomer precursor is provided that includes a polymeric chain derived from farnesene and a single functional terminal end. The functional terminal end may include a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an epoxy group, an isocyanato group, or a carboxylic acid group. The terminal end of the macromonomer precursor may then be reacted with a (meth)acrylate to form a macromonomer having a (meth)acrylate functionalized terminal end that may be (co)polymerized with radically polymerizable monomers, such as alkyl(meth)acrylate monomers. Alternatively, a copolymer may be obtained by first deriving a poly(meth)acrylate from (meth)acrylate monomers having reactive groups that would allow the macromonomer precursors to be grafted onto the poly(meth)acrylate in a second step. The resulting copolymer may be incorporated as an additive in various formulations, such as a lubricant, a hydraulic fluid, a cosmetic composition, and an adhesive composition.

A method of making a solid composition by reacting a tetrazine component and a polymer component through an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction (IEDDA). The solid composition formed by the Diels-Alder reaction is in the form of either a foam or a powder depending on the functional groups of the tetrazine component. The polymer component can be various substituted polybutadienes, mixtures of stereoisomeric polydienes, and polybutadiene copolymers. The gas produced during the reaction is nitrogen, hence, the solid composition can be considered a greener material than polyurethanes, which involves carbon monoxide release during the course of the reaction. The aromatized polymer can act as a built in anti-oxidant with up to two hydrogen atom equivalents per dihydropyridazine group. The polymers of dihydropyridazines are converted to polymeric pyridazine groups by aromatization and the aromatic polymer becomes more stable.

A method of making a solid composition by reacting a tetrazine component and a polymer component through an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction (IEDDA). The solid composition formed by the Diels-Alder reaction is in the form of either a foam or a powder depending on the functional groups of the tetrazine component. The polymer component can be various substituted polybutadienes, mixtures of stereoisomeric polydienes, and polybutadiene copolymers. The gas produced during the reaction is nitrogen, hence, the solid composition can be considered a greener material than polyurethanes, which involves carbon monoxide release during the course of the reaction. The aromatized polymer can act as a built in anti-oxidant with up to two hydrogen atom equivalents per dihydropyridazine group. The polymers of dihydropyridazines are converted to polymeric pyridazine groups by aromatization and the aromatic polymer becomes more stable.