A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, including polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a compound (1) having an aromatic ring, a hydrophilic group, and an unsaturated double bond, and an aqueous medium, to produce an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer containing -CH.sub.2- in a main chain.

A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, including polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a compound (1) having an aromatic ring, a hydrophilic group, and an unsaturated double bond, and an aqueous medium, to produce an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer containing -CH.sub.2- in a main chain.

The invention relates to an organic peroxide emulsion containing at least one organic peroxide, at least one emulsifier comprising at least one nonionic surfactant including at least one fatty chain and/or a protective colloid agent, a combination of two or more antigels containing no more than 9.5 wt% of a first antifreeze relative to the total weight of the ethanol emulsion, at least a second antifreeze and water. The invention also relates to a method for preparing such an emulsion, the use of such an emulsion for the polymerization or copolymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and a halogenated vinyl polymer obtained by the use of such an emulsion.

The invention relates to an organic peroxide emulsion containing at least one organic peroxide, at least one emulsifier comprising at least one nonionic surfactant including at least one fatty chain and/or a protective colloid agent, a combination of two or more antigels containing no more than 9.5 wt% of a first antifreeze relative to the total weight of the ethanol emulsion, at least a second antifreeze and water. The invention also relates to a method for preparing such an emulsion, the use of such an emulsion for the polymerization or copolymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and a halogenated vinyl polymer obtained by the use of such an emulsion.

The invention relates to an organic peroxide emulsion containing at least one organic peroxide, at least one emulsifier comprising at least one nonionic surfactant including at least one fatty chain and/or a protective colloid agent, a combination of two or more antigels containing no more than 9.5 wt% of a first antifreeze relative to the total weight of the ethanol emulsion, at least a second antifreeze and water. The invention also relates to a method for preparing such an emulsion, the use of such an emulsion for the polymerization or copolymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and a halogenated vinyl polymer obtained by the use of such an emulsion.

Provided is a process of making polymeric beads comprising (a) providing a suspension of monomer droplets in an aqueous medium at pH of 7 or less, wherein the monomer droplets comprise one or more monofunctional vinyl monomers, one or more multifunctional vinyl monomers, and one or more initiators, wherein the aqueous medium comprises one or more derivatives of a nitrite salt in an amount, by weight based on the weight of the aqueous medium, of 0.005% to 0.5%, (b) initiating polymerization of the monomer, wherein no pH-raising substance is added after beginning step (b) until 60% or more by weight of all monofunctional monomer has been converted to polymer.

Provided is a process of making polymeric beads comprising (a) providing a suspension of monomer droplets in an aqueous medium at pH of 7 or less, wherein the monomer droplets comprise one or more monofunctional vinyl monomers, one or more multifunctional vinyl monomers, and one or more initiators, wherein the aqueous medium comprises one or more derivatives of a nitrite salt in an amount, by weight based on the weight of the aqueous medium, of 0.005% to 0.5%, (b) initiating polymerization of the monomer, wherein no pH-raising substance is added after beginning step (b) until 60% or more by weight of all monofunctional monomer has been converted to polymer.

A coating, a method for coating surfaces, and the coated surfaces. The method includes providing a substrate with a cleaned metal surface; contacting and coating the metal surface with an aqueous composition having a ph of from 0.5 to 7.0 and in the form of a dispersion and/or a suspension; optionally rinsing the organic coating; and drying and/or baking the organic coating, or optionally drying the organic coating and coating same with a similar or another coating composition thereto. The composition contains a complex fluoride in a quantity of 1.1 10.sup.−6 mol/l to 0.30 mol/l based on the cations. An anionic polyelectrolyte in a quantity of 0.01 to 5.0 wt % based on the total mass of the resulting mixture is added to an anionically stabilized dispersion made of film-forming polymers and/or a suspension made of film-forming inorganic particles.

A coating, a method for coating surfaces, and the coated surfaces. The method includes providing a substrate with a cleaned metal surface; contacting and coating the metal surface with an aqueous composition having a ph of from 0.5 to 7.0 and in the form of a dispersion and/or a suspension; optionally rinsing the organic coating; and drying and/or baking the organic coating, or optionally drying the organic coating and coating same with a similar or another coating composition thereto. The composition contains a complex fluoride in a quantity of 1.1 10.sup.−6 mol/l to 0.30 mol/l based on the cations. An anionic polyelectrolyte in a quantity of 0.01 to 5.0 wt % based on the total mass of the resulting mixture is added to an anionically stabilized dispersion made of film-forming polymers and/or a suspension made of film-forming inorganic particles.

A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, which includes polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a fluorine-free compound (1) represented by general formula (1): CR.sup.1X.sup.1═CX.sup.2—R.sup.2—COOM and an aqueous medium, to produce an aqueous dispersion of the fluorine-containing elastomer containing —CH.sub.2— in a main chain. Also disclosed is an aqueous dispersion of the fluorine-containing elastomer and a composition containing the fluorine-containing elastomer.