A self-healing polymer network containing a physical crosslinking agent, a composition therefor, and an optical element comprising the same is provided. The self-healing polymer network comprises a polymer derived from monomers including self-healing monomers each having a first polymerizable functional group and at least one of urethane, urea, or amide group chemically linked to the first polymerizable functional group, wherein the polymer has a backbone formed by polymerizing the first polymerizable functional groups of the self-healing monomers and a plurality of side groups each having at least one of urethane, urea, or amide group chemically linked to the backbone. In addition, the self-healing polymer network comprises a physical crosslinking agent which is an alcohol mixture having at least two of monool, diol, triol, and tetraol or the higher polyol and crosslinking the polymer by physically crosslinking the urethane, urea, or amide group of the side groups.

This invention relates to performance chemicals field, it discloses a novel and green process for simultaneous productions of formamides as well as mono- and multi-functional acrylamides under very mild conditions and with high efficiency. These substances are widely useful as industrial solvents or raw materials, in particular acrylamides are important olefinically-unsaturated polymerizable monomers in photo-curing materials.

This invention relates to performance chemicals field, it discloses a novel and green process for simultaneous productions of formamides as well as mono- and multi-functional acrylamides under very mild conditions and with high efficiency. These substances are widely useful as industrial solvents or raw materials, in particular acrylamides are important olefinically-unsaturated polymerizable monomers in photo-curing materials.

The invention relates generally to polymers and copolymers comprising N-vinylamide-type monomers, their preparation, and compositions, such as electrophoresis separation media, containing the same; to supports, such as capillaries, containing these polymers; and methods for separating a mixture of biomolecules, especially polynucleotides, using capillary electrophoresis. Separation media comprising such polymers yield advantageous performance in the analysis and separation of biomolecules by capillary electrophoresis.

The present invention is in the field of surfactants to extract a platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium, from organic compositions. In particular, the invention concerns the use of surfactants to back-extract a platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium, from organic compositions further comprising an extractant of said platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium from an aqueous solution.

A system for precision polymerization is disclosed comprising at least one Michael-type monomer and a metal compound MR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 as sole catalyst and initiator, wherein M is aluminum, gallium or indium, each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 independently is CI, F, I, Br, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl, heterocycloalkenyl, linear, branched, or cyclic alkenyl, linear, branched, or cyclic alkinyl, heterocycloalkinyl, linear, branched, or cyclic alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, silyl, metallocenyl, nitro, nitroso, hydroxy, or carboxyl, wherein each alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl or alkoxy group independently has up to 12 carbon atoms, wherein each aryl or heteroaryl independently has 5 to 14 ring atoms, wherein any hetero group has at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of O, S, and N, wherein each alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl or alkoxy, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, heterocycloalkinyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy group can be substituted by 1 up to the highest possible number of halogen atoms, or at least one electron-donating or electron-withdrawing group; with the proviso that not all three groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are halogen, hydroxy, or alkoxy or wherein two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 together with M form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic or heterocyclic group having 3 to 6 atoms, wherein a heterocyclic group has at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of O, S, and N; as well as processes for preparing polymers and the polymers obtained therewith.

A system for precision polymerization is disclosed comprising at least one Michael-type monomer and a metal compound MR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 as sole catalyst and initiator, wherein M is aluminum, gallium or indium, each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 independently is CI, F, I, Br, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl, heterocycloalkenyl, linear, branched, or cyclic alkenyl, linear, branched, or cyclic alkinyl, heterocycloalkinyl, linear, branched, or cyclic alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, silyl, metallocenyl, nitro, nitroso, hydroxy, or carboxyl, wherein each alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl or alkoxy group independently has up to 12 carbon atoms, wherein each aryl or heteroaryl independently has 5 to 14 ring atoms, wherein any hetero group has at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of O, S, and N, wherein each alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl or alkoxy, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, heterocycloalkinyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy group can be substituted by 1 up to the highest possible number of halogen atoms, or at least one electron-donating or electron-withdrawing group; with the proviso that not all three groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are halogen, hydroxy, or alkoxy or wherein two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 together with M form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic or heterocyclic group having 3 to 6 atoms, wherein a heterocyclic group has at least one hetero atom selected from the group consisting of O, S, and N; as well as processes for preparing polymers and the polymers obtained therewith.

The invention provides novel bromine-containing polymers which have excellent heat resistance and are capable of imparting flame retardance or novel flame-retardant, bromine-containing polymers which have excellent heat resistance and optical characteristics, and methods for producing such polymers. The invention relates to a polymer which includes structural units of the following general formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1s, R.sub.2s, m, p and the asterisks are as defined in the specification and the claims, and
to a method for producing such polymers.

A cleaning solution that is used, inter alia, for removal of residue of a photoresist pattern or etching residue, and has exceptional anticorrosion properties with respect to silicon nitride; and a method for cleaning a substrate using the cleaning solution. In a cleaning solution containing a hydrofluoric acid and a solvent, a polymer that includes units derived from a compound of a specific structure having a carboxylic acid amide bond (CON<) and an unsaturated double bond is blended as an anticorrosive agent. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is preferred as the polymer used as the anticorrosive agent.

A paper oil-resistant agent composition containing a hydrocarbon group-containing polymer having a repeating unit formed from a monomer having a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms and an NH group-containing group in an amount of 80% by weight or more based on the polymer. Also disclosed is an oil-resistant paper to which the hydrocarbon group-containing polymer in the paper oil-resistant agent composition adheres, a method for producing paper which includes treating paper with the paper oil-resistant composition, and a method for producing molded pulp which includes filling a mold with the paper oil-resistant agent composition and a pulp slurry, and molding the pulp.