The present invention provides a process for the preparation of mono- and bisacylphosphanes based on formula (I):

##STR00001##

as well as for their corresponding oxides or sulfides. The present invention further relates to photoinitiators obtainable by said process.

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of mono- and bisacylphosphanes based on formula (I):

##STR00001##

as well as for their corresponding oxides or sulfides. The present invention further relates to photoinitiators obtainable by said process.

The invention relates to a method for polymerising ethylenically unsaturated monomers by free-radical initiated emulsion polymerisation in an aqueous medium in a polymerisation reactor, wherein the inside walls and optionally also the fittings in the reactor are coated by applying a deposit-inhibiting product before the reactor is filled, characterised in that the surfaces that are to be coated with deposit-inhibiting product are treated with an acid solution.

The invention relates to a method for polymerising ethylenically unsaturated monomers by free-radical initiated emulsion polymerisation in an aqueous medium in a polymerisation reactor, wherein the inside walls and optionally also the fittings in the reactor are coated by applying a deposit-inhibiting product before the reactor is filled, characterised in that the surfaces that are to be coated with deposit-inhibiting product are treated with an acid solution.

The invention relates to a method for polymerising ethylenically unsaturated monomers by free-radical initiated emulsion polymerisation in an aqueous medium in a polymerisation reactor, wherein the inside walls and optionally also the fittings in the reactor are coated by applying a deposit-inhibiting product before the reactor is filled, characterised in that the surfaces that are to be coated with deposit-inhibiting product are treated with an acid solution.

The present invention relates to a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, which may exhibit excellent tensile strength even during low-temperature processing, and a method of preparing the same. The copolymer according to the present invention may exhibit excellent tensile strength even during low-temperature processing by including a vinyl acetate-derived unit in a specific ratio and having a specific range of polydispersity index, for example, a polydispersity index of 2.1 to 2.4, at a degree of polymerization of 1,200 to 1,300. Thus, the vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer according to the present invention and the method of preparing the same may be easily applied to industries that need them, particularly, automotive industry or polyvinyl chloride resin industry.

Copolymers and latex paint compositions using such copolymers that are heat-age stable and provide good adhesion, block resistance, and hiding all while using lower amounts of pigment are described herein. In one aspect, the heat-age stable compositions include an acrylic, styrene acrylic, vinyl acrylic copolymer or blends thereof including, as additional polymerizable units, at least one polymerizable phosphate surfactant and at least one linear or branched hydrophobic monomer that are both polymerized into the acrylic, styrene acrylic, vinyl acrylic copolymer backbone.

Copolymers and latex paint compositions using such copolymers that are heat-age stable and provide good adhesion, block resistance, and hiding all while using lower amounts of pigment are described herein. In one aspect, the heat-age stable compositions include an acrylic, styrene acrylic, vinyl acrylic copolymer or blends thereof including, as additional polymerizable units, at least one polymerizable phosphate surfactant and at least one linear or branched hydrophobic monomer that are both polymerized into the acrylic, styrene acrylic, vinyl acrylic copolymer backbone.

A resin composition, comprising a polyvinyl acetal-based resin, wherein the resin composition has a glass transition temperature of 50° C. or lower, and the polar component γsp of the surface free energy according to the Kaelble-Uy method is a value of 0.1 mJ/m.sup.2 or more and 8.0 mJ/m.sup.2 or less.

A resin composition, comprising a polyvinyl acetal-based resin, wherein the resin composition has a glass transition temperature of 50° C. or lower, and the polar component γsp of the surface free energy according to the Kaelble-Uy method is a value of 0.1 mJ/m.sup.2 or more and 8.0 mJ/m.sup.2 or less.