This invention relates to a process for making a polycondensation pre-polyester, a polyester or both, comprising the following steps: A. Acylation of at least one diacid chloride with at least one alcohol to form at least one diester; B. Partial hydrolysis of the diester product of Step A to form at least one monoacid; C. Esterifying the monoacid of Step B with at least one diol to form a diester; D. Reacting the diester of Step C under acidic conditions to form a diacid; and subsequently, performing either Step E or Step F as follows: E. Bisalkylation of the diacid of Step D with at least one haloalcohol to form a pentamer, or F. Esterifiying the diacid of Step D under esterification conditions with at least one diol to form a pentamer, provided that the diol is not the same as the diol used in Step C.

A branched carboxylic acid functional polyester resin P is described herein along with thermosetting powder coating compositions (PCC A) comprising a binder K, the binder K comprising the polyester resin P and a crosslinker X. The invention further relates to a cured PCC A. In addition, processes for making said PCC A and processes for coating an article with said PCC A are described as well as articles having coated thereon the PCC A and an articles having coated and cured thereon the PCC A.

A branched carboxylic acid functional polyester resin P is described herein along with thermosetting powder coating compositions (PCC A) comprising a binder K, the binder K comprising the polyester resin P and a crosslinker X. The invention further relates to a cured PCC A. In addition, processes for making said PCC A and processes for coating an article with said PCC A are described as well as articles having coated thereon the PCC A and an articles having coated and cured thereon the PCC A.

Provided is a plasticizer which can impart excellent heat resistance to a molded article of a vinyl chloride resin composition. Specifically, provided is a plasticizer for vinyl chloride resin, wherein the plasticizer is a polyester represented by the following formula (1) or (2), wherein, in the formulae (1) and (2), B.sub.11 represents an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, B.sub.12 represents an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, B.sub.21 represents an aliphatic monoalcohol residue having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, B.sub.22 represents an aliphatic monoalcohol residue having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, G represents an alkylene glycol residue having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an oxyalkylene glycol residue having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, A represents an alkylenedicarboxylic acid residue having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and each of m and n represents the number of repeating units in parentheses.

##STR00001##

Provided is a plasticizer which can impart excellent heat resistance to a molded article of a vinyl chloride resin composition. Specifically, provided is a plasticizer for vinyl chloride resin, wherein the plasticizer is a polyester represented by the following formula (1) or (2), wherein, in the formulae (1) and (2), B.sub.11 represents an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, B.sub.12 represents an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, B.sub.21 represents an aliphatic monoalcohol residue having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, B.sub.22 represents an aliphatic monoalcohol residue having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, G represents an alkylene glycol residue having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an oxyalkylene glycol residue having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, A represents an alkylenedicarboxylic acid residue having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and each of m and n represents the number of repeating units in parentheses.

##STR00001##

The instant disclosure relates to a polyester composition and method for preparing the same, as well as products comprising the polyester composition and applications thereof. The polyester composition comprises aliphatic polyester, titanium and zirconium, wherein the weight ratio of titanium/zirconium is greater than 0.05. The polyester composition of the present invention has a specific titanium/zirconium weight ratio range, can reduce the process time, and can obtain a biodegradable composition with a lower acid value.

The instant disclosure relates to a polyester composition and method for preparing the same, as well as products comprising the polyester composition and applications thereof. The polyester composition comprises aliphatic polyester, titanium and zirconium, wherein the weight ratio of titanium/zirconium is greater than 0.05. The polyester composition of the present invention has a specific titanium/zirconium weight ratio range, can reduce the process time, and can obtain a biodegradable composition with a lower acid value.

A polymeric delivery system delivers a biologic to cells. In some embodiments, the polymeric delivery system includes polyplexes. Each polyplex includes at least one charged polymer and at least one biologic. The at least one charged polymer includes a polyester copolymer of a polyol and a polycarboxylic acid modified with at least one charged moiety having an opposite charge from a net charge of the at least one biologic. In other embodiments, the polymeric delivery system includes self-assembled particles including a block copolymer and a biologic associated with the block copolymer. The block copolymer includes a first block of a polyester copolymer of a polyol and a polycarboxylic acid and a second block of a second monomer or a second polymer.

Disclosed are catalysts comprised of platinum and gold. The catalysts are generally useful for the selective oxidation of compositions comprised of a primary alcohol group and at least one secondary alcohol group wherein at least the primary alcohol group is converted to a carboxyl group. More particularly, the catalysts are supported catalysts including particles comprising gold and particles comprising platinum, wherein the molar ratio of platinum to gold is in the range of about 100:1 to about 1:4, the platinum is essentially present as Pt(0) and the platinum-containing particles are of a size in the range of about 2 to about 50 nm. Also disclosed are methods for the oxidative chemocatalytic conversion of carbohydrates to carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof. Additionally, methods are disclosed for the selective oxidation of glucose to glucaric acid or derivatives thereof using catalysts comprising platinum and gold. Further, methods are disclosed for the production of such catalysts.

Disclosed are catalysts comprised of platinum and gold. The catalysts are generally useful for the selective oxidation of compositions comprised of a primary alcohol group and at least one secondary alcohol group wherein at least the primary alcohol group is converted to a carboxyl group. More particularly, the catalysts are supported catalysts including particles comprising gold and particles comprising platinum, wherein the molar ratio of platinum to gold is in the range of about 100:1 to about 1:4, the platinum is essentially present as Pt(0) and the platinum-containing particles are of a size in the range of about 2 to about 50 nm. Also disclosed are methods for the oxidative chemocatalytic conversion of carbohydrates to carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof. Additionally, methods are disclosed for the selective oxidation of glucose to glucaric acid or derivatives thereof using catalysts comprising platinum and gold. Further, methods are disclosed for the production of such catalysts.