Provided is a synthesis method comprising a first step of producing a carbonate compound from carbon monoxide and an alcohol-based compound at an anode of a first electrochemical cell comprising a cathode and the anode, and a second step of synthesizing a first product by a dealcoholization reaction of the carbonate compound, wherein an alcohol-based compound eliminated in the second step is recycled in the first step.

The present invention relates to a production method of a poly(ester)carbonate, including subjecting a diol and a carbonate ester to a transesterification reaction in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises aluminum or a compound thereof, and a phosphorus compound.

A formed product produced by using a thermoplastic resin composition comprising a polycarbonate resin with a repeating unit (A) represented by the following general formula (1) and a repeating unit (B) represented by the following general formula (2). R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently denote a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. The alkyl groups in R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be bonded together to form a ring. R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently denote a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. X denotes a single bond or a divalent organic group represented by the following general formula (3). R.sup.6 to R.sup.9 independently denote a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. R.sup.5 denotes a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.

##STR00001##

Provided are a novel compound having a fluorene skeleton, and a method for manufacturing the same, the compound having a low palladium content or other content of a specific metal or content of a specific compound in a raw material alcohol, and being excellent in hue or various characteristics (optical characteristics, heat resistance, moldability, and other characteristics) as a raw material or in a resin that uses the raw material. This compound is a mixture of compounds having a fluorene skeleton represented by formula (1) (in formula (1), the rings Z being (same or different) aromatic groups, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently representing a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a C1-12 hydrocarbon group which may include an aromatic group, Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 representing C6-10 aromatic groups which may have a substituent, L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 representing alkylene groups, j and k each independently representing an integer of 0 or greater, and m and n each independently representing an integer of 0 to 5), the mixture of compounds having a fluorene skeleton being characterized in that the content of elemental palladium therein satisfies formula (2) ((2): 0≤Pd≤50 ppm), and among the mixture of compounds represented by formula (1), compounds comprising the integers m=1-5 and n=0 are included in a range of 0-5%.

The invention relates to an integrated process for conditioning process water (1) from the production (I) of polycarbonate, which process water contains at least catalyst residues and/or organic impurities and sodium chloride, and subsequently utilizing the process water (1) in a subsequent sodium chloride electrolysis (V).

Provided is a thermoplastic resin including constituent units represented by general formula (1). (In formula (1), R1 and R2 each independently represent: a hydrogen atom; a fluorine atom; a chlorine atom; a bromine atom; an iodine atom; a C1-6 alkyl group; a monocyclic or polycyclic C6-36 aryl group; a monocyclic or polycyclic heteroaryl group having 5-36 ring atoms, 1, 2, 3, or 4 of the ring atoms being selected from nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen, and the other ring atoms being carbon in the heteroaryl group; a C2-6 alkenyl group; a C1-6 alkoxy group; or a C7-17 aralkyl group. In formula (1), X, a, and bare each as described in the present specification.)

##STR00001##

It is an object of this invention to provide an optical member that is able to cut ultraviolet rays without employing means such as addition of an ultraviolet absorber to the resin, using an ultraviolet cut filter or using ultraviolet absorption coating, as well as a thermoplastic resin to be used for the optical member. The thermoplastic resin of the invention comprises a spatial structural component unit, wherein the spatial structural component unit includes four or more aromatic groups selected from the group consisting of monocyclic aromatic groups and fused polycyclic aromatic groups, the spatial structural component unit has three or more monocyclic aromatic groups and/or heterocyclic aromatic groups in a conjugated structure, or one or more monocyclic aromatic groups and one or more fused polycyclic aromatic groups in a conjugated structure, or two or more fused polycyclic aromatic groups in a conjugated structure, and in a 0.1 mass % dichloromethane solution, the light transmittance at a wavelength of 355 nm is lower than 20% and the light transmittance at a wavelength of 500 nm is 90% or higher.

Provided is an aromatic polycarbonate resin that has not only high fluidity and thin-wall moldability but also excellent hue and transparency. The aromatic polycarbonate resin contains a structural unit derived from an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonate-forming compound. A hydrolysate obtained by hydrolysis of the aromatic polycarbonate resin contains aromatic dihydroxy compounds represented by the following Formulae (2) and (3), and the content of the compound represented by Formula (2) is 250 ppm by mass or less with respect to that of the compound represented by Formula (3), wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each independently represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and a and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4: ##STR00001##

A polycarbonate resin composition having a structural unit represented by formula (1), a structural unit represented by formula (2), and a structural unit represented by formula (3):

##STR00001## wherein, in formula (3), R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, an alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl group containing 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may optionally include a heterocyclic atom selected from an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom, an alkenyl group containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms; p, q, r and s each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4; and i represents an integer of 1 to 10, and ii represents an integer of 0 to 10.

A polycarbonate resin composition or a copolymer, comprising, as main repeating units, a carbonate unit (a-1) having a fluorene ring in a side chain, a carbonate unit (a-2) represented by the following formula (a-2):

##STR00001##

(wherein W represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R represents a branched or linear-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, and u represents an integer of 0 to 3), and a carbonate unit (a-3) derived from 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, wherein 1) a molar ratio of the carbonate unit (a-1) to the carbonate unit (a-2) is from 50/50 to 80/20, and 2) a molar ratio of the total of the carbonate unit (a-1) and the carbonate unit (a-2) to the carbonate unit (a-3) is from 1:99 to 70:30. This polycarbonate resin composition or copolymer has excellent heat resistance, transparency, and bending resistance and has low retardation.