A resist underlayer composition includes a polymer including a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1; and a solvent and a method of forming patterns using the resist underlayer composition: ##STR00001##
In Chemical Formula 1, at least one of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 is a group represented by Chemical Formula A: ##STR00002##

A new, thermally stable conducting material, poly(3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate), can be used in a variety of applications such as thermoelectrics, electron acceptors in light-harvesting (photovoltaic) materials, and thermally stable conducting energetic materials. Related compounds include poly 3-amino-5-chloro-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-bromo-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-fluoro-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-iodo-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3, 5-diamino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-NHR.sub.1-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-NR.sub.2-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, or poly 3-amino-5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate.

Techniques regarding polymers with antimicrobial functionality are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can regard a polymer, which can comprise a repeating ionene unit. The repeating ionene unit can comprise a cation distributed along a degradable backbone. The degradable backbone can comprise a terephthalamide structure. Further, the repeating ionene unit can have antimicrobial functionality.

Polymerizable liquids are described herein which, in some embodiments, can produce 3D printed articles of high resolution and desirable mechanical properties. In one aspect, a polymerizable liquid comprises an acrylate component, a polymeric additive, and a monomeric curing agent, wherein the acrylate component and monomeric curing agent are copolymerizable upon exposure to light. In being copolymerizable, the acrylate component and monomeric curing agent can form a copolymer. As described father herein, the monomeric curing agent can enable further reaction of the copolymer with one or more crosslinking species to link the copolymer with one more polymeric networks.

The present invention provides a novel alkylating agent specifically binding to the genetic mutation site of a driver oncogene. There are provided are a complex formed by binding an alkylating agent to a pyrrole imidazole polyamide specifically binding to the genetic mutation site of a driver oncogene, a driver oncogene mutation-specific alkylating agent comprising the aforementioned complex, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aforementioned complex.

Polymerizable liquids are described herein which, in some embodiments, can produce 3D printed articles of high resolution and desirable mechanical properties. In one aspect, a polymerizable liquid comprises an acrylate component, a polymeric additive, and a monomeric curing agent, wherein the acrylate component and monomeric curing agent are copolymerizable upon exposure to light. In being copolymerizable, the acrylate component and monomeric curing agent can form a copolymer. As described father herein, the monomeric curing agent can enable further reaction of the copolymer with one or more crosslinking species to link the copolymer with one more polymeric networks.

Disclosed herein are polymers containing repeating units of formula (I) or copolymers containing the repeating units of formula (I) and (II), where R.sup.1 to R.sup.12, m, n, p, q, x and y are as defined herein. The polymers and copolymers have an antimicrobial effect and may be used therapeutically or in formulations intended for use as detergents.

Thermoplastic polyamide particles comprising at least one polyamide and at least one polymeric ionic compound comprising imidazolium groups (imidazolium compound), the thermoplastic polyamide particles having an ellipsoidal or approximately ellipsoidal shape with the largest diameter of 1 to 100 mm, preferably 2 to 10 mm, more preferably 3 to 8 mm.

Provided herein are imidazolium polymers having steric hindrance at the 4-position of the imidazole moieties in the polymeric chain. The sterically-protected, N-methylated imidazolium polymers exhibit hydroxide stability in concentrated caustic solutions at elevated temperatures, such as at 100° C. and higher.

Techniques regarding polymers with antimicrobial functionality are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can regard a polymer, which can comprise a repeating ionene unit. The repeating ionene unit can comprise a cation distributed along a degradable backbone. The degradable backbone can comprise a terephthalamide structure. Further, the repeating ionene unit can have antimicrobial functionality.