A polymer and a light-emitting device employing the same are provided. The polymer includes a first repeat unit with a structure represented by Formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein the definitions of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and Z.sup.1 and n are as defined in the specification. At least one of A.sup.1, A.sup.2, and A.sup.3 is not hydrogen.

The present invention provides water soluble photoactive macromolecular complexes and methods for detecting an analyte in a sample by using a binding agent conjugated to a water soluble photoactive macromolecule.

A modified conductive structure includes a conductive substrate and a polymer film disposed over a surface of the polymer film. A chemical bond exists between the polymer film and the conductive substrate, and the polymer film includes repeating units as shown below: ##STR00001## wherein A is an antifouling molecule group; B is a sulfur-containing group or a nitrogen-containing group; R is a single bond or a first linking group; C is -L-E, wherein L is a second linking group, E is an enzyme unit; x and z are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 10000, and y is an integer from 1 to 10000; o is 0 or an integer from 1 to 50, and when o is an integer from 1 to 50, m and n are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 50.

The present application relates to an electrochromic composite, an electrochromic device comprising the same, and a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device.

A composition for forming an electroactive coating is described, including an acid as a polymerization catalyst, at least one functional component, and at least one compound of formula (1) as a monomer: ##STR00001##
wherein X is selected from S, O, Se, Te, PR.sup.2 and NR.sup.2, Y is hydrogen (H) or a precursor of a good leaving group Y.sup. whose conjugate acid (HY) has a pK.sub.a of less than 30, Z is hydrogen (H), silyl, or a good leaving group whose conjugate acid (HY) has a pK.sub.a of less than 30, b is 0, 1 or 2, each R.sup.1 is a substituent, and the at least one compound of formula (1) includes at least one compound of formula (1) with Z=H and YH.

An example of a bottlebrush polymer has a polymer backbone and a plurality of individual brush moieties bonded to the polymer backbone. The individual brush moieties include a ketone, a hydrophilic segment, and a surface adhesive terminal group. The brush moieties can be functionalized and/or cross-linked.

The invention relates to a process for producing a conjugated polymer blend. The process for producing the conjugated polymer blend comprises the mixture of: a polymer A (X-Y), where X is ##STR00001##
and Y is ##STR00002##
and h is a substituent, a polymer B (X-Y) where X is ##STR00003##
Y is ##STR00004##
and j is a substituent, and an acceptor. In this process h and j are different substituents and independently selected from each other.

The present invention is directed to a versatile and high performance zwitterionic CP platform, which integrates all desired functions into one material. This zwitterionic CP consists of the conducting backbone and multifunctional zwitterionic side chains. Non-conducting zwitterionic materials gain electronic conductivity through the conducting backbone and CPs obtain excellent biocompatibility, sensitivity to environmental stimuli and controllable antifouling properties via multifunctional zwitterionic side chains. Unique properties from two distinct materials (conducting materials and zwitterionic materials) are integrated into one material without sacrificing any properties. This platform can potentially be adapted for a range of applications (e.g. bioelectronics, tissue engineering, wound healing, robotic prostheses, biofuel cell, etc.), which all require high performance conducting materials with excellent antifouling/biocompatibility at complex biointerfaces. This conducting material platform will significantly advance the development of conducting polymers in the field of biomedicine and biotechnology.

The present invention provides a method of forming paracyclyophane containing disulfide functional group. The paracyclophane is prepared by adding 3,3-dithiodipropionic acid (DPDPA) and N-ethyl-N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide (EDC) into 4-aminomethyl [2,2] paracyclophane. The present invention further provides a chemical film and a method of forming the same. The chemical film contains poly-p-xylylene with disulfide functional group and is formed on a substrate by a chemical vapor deposition process.

Water solvated polymeric dyes having a deep ultraviolet excitation spectrum are provided. The subject polymeric dyes include a light harvesting multichromophore having conjugation-modifying repeat units incorporated into the polymer backbone to provide segments of ?-conjugated co-monomers having limited ?-conjugation between segments. Polymeric tandem dyes are also provided that further include a signaling chromophore covalently linked to the multichromophore in energy-receiving proximity therewith. Also provided are labelled specific binding members that include the subject water solvated polymeric dyes. Methods of evaluating a sample for the presence of a target analyte and methods of labelling a target molecule in which the subject polymeric dyes find use are also provided. Systems and kits for practicing the subject methods are also provided.