The present invention relates to a facile process for the preparation of non-covalently cross-linked self-assembled perylene bisimide nano structures using hydrogen bonding interactions with poly-4-vinyl pyridine or oligophenylene vinylene (OPV) as structural motif.

A resin has a structure defined by Formula (I) ##STR00001## wherein: (a) each R.sub.5 is independently a methylene group (CH.sub.2), or a methylene group substituted with one or more —H, —CH.sub.3, or halogen functionalities; (b) each R.sub.6 is independently a bond or a straight-chain or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic group having between 1 and 2 carbon atoms; (c) each X is independently a functionality possessing at least one non-aromatic alkene or alkyne moiety; (d) each Z is independently either H or X; (e) each Z is independently either H or X, and each p is independently an integer from 1-4; (f) each w is independently 0, or an integer greater than or equal to 1, and (i) when w is 0, the bracket region represents a bond and n is 0, or an integer greater than or equal to 1; and (ii) when n is 0, the bracket region represents a bond. The resin is especially well suited for use in a base station, circuit board, server, router, radome or satellite structure, as well as such processes as digital light printing (DLP), continuous liquid interface printing (CLIP), and Stereolithography (SL).

An oligomer, composition, and composite material employing the same are provided. The oligomer can be a reaction product of a reactant (a) and a reactant (b). The reactant (a) is a reaction product of a reactant (c) and a reactant (d). The reactant (b) can be

##STR00001##

or a combination thereof, wherein a is 0 or 1, and R.sup.1 is independently hydrogen

##STR00002##

or and wherein b is 0-6; c is 0 or 1; and, d is 0-6. The reactant (c) is

##STR00003##

wherein R.sup.2 is C.sub.5-10 alkyl group. The reactant (d) is

##STR00004##

wherein e is 0-10.

There is provided an electroactive material having Formula I

##STR00001##

wherein: Q is the same or different at each occurrence and can be O, S, Se, Te, NR, SO, SO.sub.2, or SiR.sub.3; R is the same or different at each occurrence and can be hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or alkynyl; and R.sup.1 through R.sup.6 are the same or different and can be hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, halogen, hydroxyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino, alkylthio, phosphino, silyl, —COR, —COOR, —PO.sub.3R.sub.2, —OPO.sub.3R.sub.2, or CN.

An organic solar cell is provided. The organic solar cell includes a photoactive layer in which a low molecular weight conjugated compound as a first organic semiconductor material is mixed with an appropriate amount of a second organic semiconductor material. The first organic semiconductor material includes both electron donors and electron acceptors. The presence of the electron donors and the electron acceptors in the first organic semiconductor material improves the morphology of the photoactive layer, leading to high efficiency of the organic solar cell.

An object is to provide an organic semiconductor element having excellent carrier mobility and heat resistance of a semiconductor active layer, an organic semiconductor composition for obtaining this element, an organic semiconductor film, and a method of manufacturing an organic semiconductor element in which the composition is used, and another object is to provide a compound and an oligomer or a polymer that are suitably used in the organic semiconductor element, the organic semiconductor composition, the organic semiconductor film, and the method of manufacturing an organic semiconductor element.

The organic semiconductor element of the present invention includes a compound represented by Formula 1 below in a semiconductor active layer. In Formula 1, X represents a chalcogen atom, p and q each independently represent an integer of 0 to 2, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a halogen atom or a group represented by Formula W below.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to new semiconducting compounds having at least one optionally substituted azino[1,2,3]thiadiazole moiety. The compounds disclosed herein can exhibit high carrier mobility and/or efficient light absorption/emission characteristics, and can possess certain processing advantages such as solution-processability and/or good stability at ambient conditions.

Composition for use in an organic light-emitting device, the composition having a fluorescent light-emitting material and a triplet-accepting material subject to the following energetic scheme: 2×T.sub.1A>S.sub.1A>S.sub.1E, or T.sub.1A+T.sub.1E>S.sub.1A>S.sub.1E in which: T1A represents a triplet excited state energy level of the triplet-accepting material; TIE represents a triplet excited state energy level of the light-emitting material; S.sub.1A represents a singlet excited state energy level of the triplet-accepting material; and S.sub.1E represents a singlet excited state energy level of the light-emitting material; and in which light emitted by the composition upon excitation includes delayed fluorescence.

The present invention provides a resist underlayer forming composition, which is well in heat resistance and gap filling. Further, the present invention provides methods of manufacturing a resist underlayer and semiconductor device using it. [Means for Solution] A composition comprising a allyloxy derivative having a specific group and a solvent, and methods of manufacturing a resist underlayer and semiconductor device using it.

The present invention describes an oligomer for use as a UV stabiliser. In particular, the oligomer is suitable for use as a UV stabiliser in a polymer matrix. The present invention also describes a method of forming said oligomer. The method of forming said oligomer comprises a polymerising step, wherein the polymerising step comprises forming a C—C bond on the hydroxyphenyl ring of a monomer. In preferred embodiments, the oligomer is formed from polymerizing bio-derived monomer such as curcumin, its hydrogenated analogue, and an aldol condensation product of cyclic ketone and vanillin.