Provided are: a resist underlayer film formation composition combining high etching resistance, high heat resistance, and excellent coating properties; a resist underlayer film in which the resist underlayer film formation composition is used and a method for manufacturing the resist underlayer film; a method for forming a resist pattern; and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device. The resist underlayer film formation composition is characterized by including the compound represented by Formula (1), or a polymer derived from the compound represented by Formula (1) (where: AA represents a single bond or a double bond; X.sup.1 represents —N(R.sup.1)—; X.sup.2 represents —N(R.sup.2)—; X.sup.3 represents —CH(R.sup.3)—; X.sup.4 represents —CH(R.sup.4)— etc.; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 represent hydrogen atoms, C1-20 straight chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl groups, etc.; R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 represent hydrogen atoms, hydroxy groups, alkyl groups, etc.; R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 represent benzene rings or naphthalene rings; and n and o are 0 or 1). A semiconductor device is manufactured by: coating the composition on a semiconductor substrate, firing the coated composition, and forming a resist underlayer film; forming a resist film thereon with an inorganic resist underlayer film interposed therebetween selectively as desired; forming a resist pattern by irradiating light or electron radiation and developing; etching the underlayer film using the resist pattern; and processing the semiconductor substrate using the patterned underlayer film.

The present application relates to a photoactive composition comprising a blend of polymers. The present application further relates to an organic photovoltaic cell or an organic photodetector comprising a photoactive layer consisting of said photoactive composition.

Water solvated polymeric dyes having a deep ultraviolet excitation spectrum are provided. The subject polymeric dyes include a light harvesting multichromophore having conjugation-modifying repeat units incorporated into the polymer backbone to provide segments of π-conjugated co-monomers having limited π-conjugation between segments. Polymeric tandem dyes are also provided that further include a signaling chromophore covalently linked to the multichromophore in energy-receiving proximity therewith. Also provided are labelled specific binding members that include the subject water solvated polymeric dyes. Methods of evaluating a sample for the presence of a target analyte and methods of labelling a target molecule in which the subject polymeric dyes find use are also provided. Systems and kits for practicing the subject methods are also provided.

The invention relates to novel compounds containing one or more units derived from 2,6-disubstituted-[1,5]naphthyridine or 1,6-disubstituted-1H-[1,5]naphthyridine-2-one, to methods for their preparation and educts or intermediates used therein, to mixtures and formulations containing them, to the use of the compounds, mixtures and formulations as organic semiconductors in organic electronic (OE) devices, especially in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices and organic photodetectors (OPD), and to OE, OPV and OPD devices comprising these compounds, mixtures or formulations.

The invention provides for UV excitable polyfluorene based conjugates and their use in methods of analyte detection.

A composition for forming an organic film contains a polymer having a partial structure shown by the following general formula (1) as a repeating unit, and an organic solvent. Each of AR1 and AR2 represents a benzene ring or naphthalene ring which optionally have a substituent; W.sub.1 represents a particular partial structure having a triple bond, and the polymer optionally contains two or more kinds of W.sub.1; and W.sub.2 represents a divalent organic group having 6 to 80 carbon atoms and at least one aromatic ring. This invention provides: a polymer curable even under film formation conditions in an inert gas and capable of forming an organic film which has not only excellent heat resistance and properties of filling and planarizing a pattern formed in a substrate, but also favorable film formability onto a substrate with less sublimation product; and a composition for forming an organic film, containing the polymer. ##STR00001##

Methods of forming a porphene polymeric material are provided. The resulting material can be a porphene or a metalloporphene polymeric material. The structure of the polymer can be selected based on a material provided in the monomer material. Methods of using the polymeric material are also provided.

A method of identifying a target analyte in which a sample containing a light-emitting marker configured to bind to the target analyte is irradiated and emission from the light-emitting marker is detected. The light-emitting marker comprises a light-emitting material comprising a group of formula (I): X is one of N and B and Y is the other of N and B; Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 independently are an unsubstituted or substituted an aromatic or heteroaromatic group which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents. Ar1 and Ar2 bound to the same X group may be linked by a direct bond or a divalent group. The group of formula (I) may be a repeat unit of a light-emitting polymer. The light-emitting marker may be used in flow cytometry.

##STR00001##

An infrared absorption composition includes a p-type semiconductor compound including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a second structural unit including an electron donating moiety; and an n-type semiconductor compound represented by Chemical Formula 2:

##STR00001## wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, Ar.sup.1, X, R.sup.1a, and R.sup.2a are the same as defined in the detailed description. In Chemical Formula 2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, D.sup.1, D.sup.2, and D.sup.3 are the same as defined in the detailed description.

The invention relates to a novel composition comprising n-type organic semiconducting (OSC) polymers and p-type OSCs, to its use as organic semiconductors in, or for the preparation of, organic electronic (OE) devices, especially organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, perovskite-based solar cell (PSC) devices, organic photo-detectors (OPD), organic field effect transistors (OFET) and organic light emitting diodes (OLED), and to OE, OPV, PSC, OPD, OFET and OLED devices comprising the compositions.