Electrochromic polymers include conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and conjugation-break spacers (CBSs). At least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of -conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

A method of carrying out a metathesis reaction includes the combination of at least one alkene or non conjugated diene with a Ruthenium-based catalyst with an cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene ligand to form a reaction mixture and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of 100 C. or greater. The reaction can be an ADMET, ROMP, a metathesis ring-closure or an olefin exchange reaction.

New poly(anhydride)-based polymers have been synthesized. When these polymers are combined with electrolyte salts, such polymer electrolytes have shown excellent electrochemical oxidation stability in lithium battery cells. Their stability along with their excellent ionic transport properties make them especially suitable as electrolytes in high energy density lithium battery cells.

A method of carrying out a metathesis reaction includes the combination of at least one alkene or non conjugated diene with a Ruthenium-based catalyst with an cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene ligand to form a reaction mixture and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of 100 C. or greater. The reaction can be an ADMET, ROMP, a metathesis ring-closure or an olefin exchange reaction.

Macrocyclic polyalkene homopolymers and copolymers can be formed and converted to macrocyclic polyalkanes or macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene) upon hydrogenation or, when the macrocyclic polyalkene is reacted with an alkene in the presence of an olefin metathesis catalyst, to a macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene) comprising vicinal C(CR2)'s. Upon hydrogenation of a macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene) comprising vicinal C(CR2)-'s, macrocyclic poly(alkane)s or poly(alkane-co-alkene)s with isolated C(CR2)- groups can be provided, depending on the degree of hydrogenation. The poly(alkane-co-alkene)s with isolated C(CR2)- units can be used to form poly(macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene))s, poly(macrocyclic poly(alkane))s, and/or bi-, tri-, and/or multi-macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene)s or bi-, tri-, and/or multi-macrocyclic poly(alkane)s.

A method of carrying out a metathesis reaction includes the combination of at least one alkene or non conjugated diene with a Ruthenium-based catalyst with an cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene ligand to form a reaction mixture and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of 100 C. or greater. The reaction can be an ADMET, ROMP, a metathesis ring-closure or an olefin exchange reaction.

This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of -conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

This invention relates to methods and compositions for preparing linear and cyclic polyolefins. More particularly, the invention relates to methods and compositions for preparing functionalized linear and cyclic polyolefins via olefin metathesis reactions. Polymer products produced via the olefin metathesis reactions of the invention may be utilized for a wide range of materials applications. The invention has utility in the fields of polymer and materials chemistry and manufacture.

A compound includes two or more structures shown by the following general formula (1-1) in the molecule, ##STR00001##
Ar represents an aromatic ring or one that contains at least one nitrogen atom and/or sulfur atom optionally having a substituent, and two Ars are optionally bonded with each other to form a ring structure; the broken line represents a bond with Y; Y represents a divalent or trivalent organic group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms that contains an aromatic ring or a heteroaromatic ring optionally having a substituent, the bonds of which are located in a structure of the aromatic ring or the heteroaromatic ring; R represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent group having 1 to 68 carbon atoms. This compound can be cured even in an inert gas not only in air atmosphere without forming byproducts, and can form an organic under layer film.