Provided is a composition for a hole collecting layer of an organic photoelectric conversion element, the composition containing a solvent and an electron transporting substance comprising a polythiophene derivative that includes a repeating unit represented by formula (1) or formula (1′).

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(In formula (1) and formula (1′), R.sup.1 denotes an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms or a fluorine atom. In formula (1), M denotes a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na and K, NH(R.sup.2).sub.3 or HNC.sub.5H.sub.5. R.sup.2 groups are each independently a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.)

There is provided a hole transport polymer having a carbazole group and an amino nitrogen having Formula I

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In the formula: Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, and Ar.sup.4 are the same or different and are substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups or deuterated aryl groups; Ar.sup.3 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups or deuterated aryl groups; E is the same or different at each occurrence and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, halide, alkyl, aryl, siloxane, deuterated alkyl, deuterated aryl, deuterated siloxane, and a crosslinking group; R.sup.1-R.sup.2 are the same or different at each occurrence and are selected from the group consisting of D, F, CN, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, amino, silyl, germyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, fluoroalkoxy, siloxane, siloxy, deuterated alkyl, deuterated partially-fluorinated alkyl, deuterated aryl, deuterated heteroaryl, deuterated amino, deuterated silyl, deuterated germyl, deuterated alkoxy, deuterated aryloxy, deuterated fluoroalkoxy, deuterated siloxane, deuterated siloxy, and crosslinking groups, wherein adjacent groups selected from R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be joined together to form a fused ring; a is an integer from 0-4; b is an integer from 0-3; and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

A solar cell module includes a first substrate and a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements disposed on the first substrate. Each of the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements includes a first electrode, an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, a hole transport layer, and a second electrode. In at least two of the photoelectric conversion elements adjacent to each other, the hole transport layers are extended continuous layers; and the first electrodes, the electron transport layers, and the perovskite layers in the at least two of the photoelectric conversion elements adjacent to each other are separated by the hole transport layer. The hole transport layer includes, as hole transport material, a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 or more or a compound having a molecular weight of 2,000 or more.

There is provided an electroactive material having Formula I

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wherein: Q is the same or different at each occurrence and can be O, S, Se, Te, NR, SO, SO.sub.2, or SiR.sub.3; R is the same or different at each occurrence and can be hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or alkynyl; and R.sup.1 through R.sup.6 are the same or different and can be hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, halogen, hydroxyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino, alkylthio, phosphino, silyl, —COR, —COOR, —PO.sub.3R.sub.2, —OPO.sub.3R.sub.2, or CN.

The present application relates to a polymer containing at least one structural unit of a formula (I) and at least one further structural unit selected from structural units A, B and C. The present application further relates to the use of the polymer in an electronic device and to a process for preparing the polymer. The present application further relates to an electronic device comprising the polymer.

An organic light-emitting device (100) comprising an anode (103); a cathode (109); a light-emitting layer (107) between the anode and the cathode; a first hole-transporting layer (105A) comprising a first conjugated hole-transporting polymer between the anode and the light-emitting layer; and a second hole-transporting layer (105B) comprising a second conjugated hole-transporting polymer between the first hole-transporting layer and the light-emitting layer, wherein a lowest excited state energy level of the first hole-transporting polymer is lower than the lowest excited state energy of the second hole-transporting polymer.

An organic light-emitting device (100) comprising an anode (103); a cathode (109); a first light-emitting layer (107) comprising a first light-emitting material between the anode and the cathode; and a hole-transporting layer (105) comprising a hole-transporting polymer between the anode and the first light-emitting layer and adjacent to the first light-emitting layer, wherein a HOMO level of the first light-emitting material is closer to vacuum than a HOMO level of the hole-transporting polymer and wherein more than 50 mol % of the repeat units of the hole-transporting polymer are hole-transporting repeat units.

A solid state light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode coupled to a first charge injecting layer; a second electrode coupled to a second charge injecting layer; an emissive layer comprising a perovskite material, wherein the emissive layer is provided between the first and second charge injecting layers; and wherein the bandgaps of the first and second charge injecting layers are larger than the bandgap of the emissive perovskite layer.

The present invention relates to hyperbranched polymers, to a process for the preparation thereof, and to the starting compounds necessary for the preparation. The present invention furthermore relates to the use of the hyperbranched polymers according to the invention in electronic devices and to the electronic devices themselves.

An organic-inorganic silicon structure-containing block copolymer including a first domain including an ion conductive polymer block; and a second domain including a polymer block including a non-conducting polymer and an organic-inorganic silicon structure, wherein the organic-inorganic silicon structure is connected to a side chain connected to a backbone of the non-conducting polymer.